写英语作文中想写‘你可以。。。’除了you,can,you,could,you,may,be,able,to还有其他表达么can...
写英语作文中想写‘你可以。。。’除了you can,you could,you may be able to还有其他表达么
can表表示“有能力做某事”,只有现在时和过去时(could)两种时态;be able to表示“经过努力而成功地做成某事”,相当于managed to do或succeeded in doing…,可用于各种时态。
1.you are capable of
2.you are entitled to do
2.you are entitled to do
must should can/could 的区别和用法sorry,太多要求
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等.
情态动词后面加动词原形.
情态动词有四类:
①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to
②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare
③可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)
④具有情态动词特征:have(had,has) to,used to
特点:
情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not". 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来.情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态.
He could be here soon.
他很快就来.
We can't carry the heavy box.
我们搬不动那箱子.
I'm sorry I can't help you.
对不起,我帮不上你.
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想:
What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体,本身无词义)
I am afraid I must be going. (一定要)
You may have read some account of the matter. (或许已经)
除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:
1) 除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式.如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式:
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一:
They need not have been punished so severely.
3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s形式:
She dare not say what she thinks.
4) 情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词:
Still, she needn't have run away.
5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志.在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间:
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词,但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用:
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel.
用法
首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢).
用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形
例句:I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话.
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语.
We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿.
May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规.
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.
can和could的用法
1. 表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许.如:
Can you finish this work tonight?
Man cannot live without air.
— Can I go now? — Yes, you can.
注意:①could也可表示请求,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用can(即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中).如:
Could I come to see you tomorrow?
Yes, you can. (否定答语可用No, I'm afraid not.)
②can表示能力时,还可用be able to代替.如:
I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度.(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)
Can this be true?
How can you be so careless!
This cannot be done by him.
3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定.如:
He cannot have been to that town.
Can he have got the book?
4. 用在疑问句及否定句中,表示惊讶,不相信等.
5. cannot```too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好"
二.Should的用法:
1. Should表示劝告、建议、命令,其同义词是ought to;在疑问句中,通常用should代替ought to.如:
You should go to class right away.
Should I open the window?
Should的含义较多,用法较活,现介绍三种其特殊用法.请看下面的句子:
① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试.
② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看,你是搞错了.
③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做.
④ This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的.
从以上例句可以看出:情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气.
Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能.相当于“万一”的意思.从句谓语由should加动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气.如:
⑤ Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她,请让她给我打个电话.
⑥ If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意,请通知我们.
⑦ Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间,我就来.
此外,Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思.意为“竟会”.如:
⑧ Why should you be so late today? 你几天怎么来得这么晚?
⑨ — Where is Betty living? — 贝蒂住在哪里?
— How should I know? — 我怎么会知道呢?
⑩ I don't know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的.
2. “should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务,表示应该做到而实际上没有做到,并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气.如: She should have finished it.
I should have helped her, but I never could.
You should have started earlier.
can (could) 表示说话人能,可以,同意,准许,以及客观条件许可,could 为 can 的过去式.
Can you pass me the books?
你能给我递一下书吗 ?
Could you help me, please?
请问,你能帮助我吗?
What can you do?
你能干点什么呢?
Can you be sure?
你有把握吗?
can 和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态,将来时态用 be able to 来表示.
He could help us at all.
他完全可以帮助我们.
With the teacher's help,I shall be able to speak English correctly.
由于老师的帮助,我将能准确地讲英语.
may (might) 可以, 表示说话人同意,许可或请求对方许可.
You may take the book home.
你可以把书带回家去.
May I come in?
我可以进来吗?
May I use your dictionary?
我可以用你的词典吗?
You may put on more clothes.
你可以多穿点衣服.
He said he might lend us some money.
他说他可以借给我们一些钱.
may 否定式为 may not, 缩写形式是 mayn't.
might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式,一种表示虚拟语气, 使语气更加委婉, 客气或对可能性的怀疑.
He told me he might be here on time.
他说他能按时间来.
Might I borrow some money now.
我可以借点钱吗?
He might be alive.
他可能还活着.
Must 必须,应该,一定,准是, 表示说话人认为有必要做某事, 命令, 要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测.
must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时, 过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替.
I must finish my work today. 我今天必须完成我的工作.
You mustn't work all the time. 你不能老是工作.
Must I return the book tomorrow? 我必须明天还书吗?
After such a long walk, you must be tired. 走了这么长的路,你一定困了.
He must be the man I am looking for. 他一定是我要找的人.
He had to go because of somebody's calling him that day. 那天他要走是因为有人叫他.
must + have + 过去分词,表示现在对过去事物的推测.
He must have told my parents about it.
他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了.
He must have received my letter now.
他现在一定收到我的信了.
It's six o'clock already, we must have been late again.
已经六点钟了,我们一定又迟到了.
情态动词后面加动词原形.
情态动词有四类:
①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to
②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare
③可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)
④具有情态动词特征:have(had,has) to,used to
特点:
情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not". 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去,现在或将来.情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态.
He could be here soon.
他很快就来.
We can't carry the heavy box.
我们搬不动那箱子.
I'm sorry I can't help you.
对不起,我帮不上你.
基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想:
What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体,本身无词义)
I am afraid I must be going. (一定要)
You may have read some account of the matter. (或许已经)
除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:
1) 除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式.如果我们把ought to和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式:
We used to grow beautiful roses.
I asked if he would come and repair my television set.
2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一:
They need not have been punished so severely.
3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s形式:
She dare not say what she thinks.
4) 情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词:
Still, she needn't have run away.
5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志.在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间:
Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?
She told him he ought not to have done it.
6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词,但有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用:
You should have washed the wound.
Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel.
用法
首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢).
用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形
例句:I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话.
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语.
We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿.
May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规.
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.
can和could的用法
1. 表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许.如:
Can you finish this work tonight?
Man cannot live without air.
— Can I go now? — Yes, you can.
注意:①could也可表示请求,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用can(即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中).如:
Could I come to see you tomorrow?
Yes, you can. (否定答语可用No, I'm afraid not.)
②can表示能力时,还可用be able to代替.如:
I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度.(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)
Can this be true?
How can you be so careless!
This cannot be done by him.
3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定.如:
He cannot have been to that town.
Can he have got the book?
4. 用在疑问句及否定句中,表示惊讶,不相信等.
5. cannot```too\enough表示"无论怎样``````也不过分","越``````越好"
二.Should的用法:
1. Should表示劝告、建议、命令,其同义词是ought to;在疑问句中,通常用should代替ought to.如:
You should go to class right away.
Should I open the window?
Should的含义较多,用法较活,现介绍三种其特殊用法.请看下面的句子:
① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试.
② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看,你是搞错了.
③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做.
④ This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的.
从以上例句可以看出:情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气.
Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能.相当于“万一”的意思.从句谓语由should加动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气.如:
⑤ Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她,请让她给我打个电话.
⑥ If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意,请通知我们.
⑦ Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间,我就来.
此外,Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思.意为“竟会”.如:
⑧ Why should you be so late today? 你几天怎么来得这么晚?
⑨ — Where is Betty living? — 贝蒂住在哪里?
— How should I know? — 我怎么会知道呢?
⑩ I don't know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的.
2. “should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务,表示应该做到而实际上没有做到,并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气.如: She should have finished it.
I should have helped her, but I never could.
You should have started earlier.
can (could) 表示说话人能,可以,同意,准许,以及客观条件许可,could 为 can 的过去式.
Can you pass me the books?
你能给我递一下书吗 ?
Could you help me, please?
请问,你能帮助我吗?
What can you do?
你能干点什么呢?
Can you be sure?
你有把握吗?
can 和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态,将来时态用 be able to 来表示.
He could help us at all.
他完全可以帮助我们.
With the teacher's help,I shall be able to speak English correctly.
由于老师的帮助,我将能准确地讲英语.
may (might) 可以, 表示说话人同意,许可或请求对方许可.
You may take the book home.
你可以把书带回家去.
May I come in?
我可以进来吗?
May I use your dictionary?
我可以用你的词典吗?
You may put on more clothes.
你可以多穿点衣服.
He said he might lend us some money.
他说他可以借给我们一些钱.
may 否定式为 may not, 缩写形式是 mayn't.
might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式,一种表示虚拟语气, 使语气更加委婉, 客气或对可能性的怀疑.
He told me he might be here on time.
他说他能按时间来.
Might I borrow some money now.
我可以借点钱吗?
He might be alive.
他可能还活着.
Must 必须,应该,一定,准是, 表示说话人认为有必要做某事, 命令, 要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测.
must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时, 过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替.
I must finish my work today. 我今天必须完成我的工作.
You mustn't work all the time. 你不能老是工作.
Must I return the book tomorrow? 我必须明天还书吗?
After such a long walk, you must be tired. 走了这么长的路,你一定困了.
He must be the man I am looking for. 他一定是我要找的人.
He had to go because of somebody's calling him that day. 那天他要走是因为有人叫他.
must + have + 过去分词,表示现在对过去事物的推测.
He must have told my parents about it.
他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了.
He must have received my letter now.
他现在一定收到我的信了.
It's six o'clock already, we must have been late again.
已经六点钟了,我们一定又迟到了.
(一)情态动词详细用法讲解
一,概说:情态动词(ModalVerb):情态动词用来表示说话的人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法,如表示命令,允诺,请求,拒绝,愿望,义务,必要,可能,敢于,需要等
情态动词主要有:can/could;may/might;must/ought; need; dare/dared; shall/should; will/would
1.情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和实意动词或连系动词的原形(有时和这些动词完成和进行式)一起构成谓语
例如1:Wemust study hard .
我们应该努力学习(must+不带to 不定式study充当谓语)
例如2:Hecan speak a little English .
他会说一点儿英语(can +不带to 不定式speak充当谓语)
例如3:Hemust have gone home.
他准是/一定是回家了(must+不带to 不定式havegone 充当谓语)
例如4:Hemust be waiting for us .
他一定是在等我们(must+不带to 不定式bewaiting 充当谓语)
2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,第三人称单数的出现时,情态动词也不需要加s或者es
例句1. Ican write in English.
我会用英语写
例句2.Hecan write in English .
他会用英语写(不必说:Hecans write in English )
3.否定句和疑问句的构成
A:否定式:主语+情态动词+not+动词原形
例如1.Youcan not speak French.你不会说法语
例如3.Hemay not come today .他今天可能不会来
例如3.Youneed't look at me like that .你不必那样瞧我
B:疑问式:情态动词+主语+动词原形
例如1.MayI ask you a question about grammar ?
我可以问你一个语法问题吗?
Would you liketo go with me ?
你想和我一起去吗?
4.有些情态动词有过去式,有的过去式和它们的原形相同
A 有过去式的情态动词有:
shall---should ;will---would; can---could; may---might; need---needed; dare---dared
B 过去式不变的情态动词有:
must-must;ought---ought to
5.情态动词没有动词不定式,必要时用别的词语来表示
例如1:I'dlike to be able to dance.
我希望能跳舞(不可以说...tocan dance)
例如2.Youare going to have to work harder .
到时候你必须更加努力工作(不能说...tomust work harder)
二, can 和could详细用法讲解
can的用法
1.表示能力
例句1. Hecan speak French very well .他法语讲得很好
例句 2.Can you swim ?你会游泳吗?
例句3. Wecan hear birds singing.我们能听到鸟儿在歌唱
2.表示可能性
例句1. Anybody can make mistakes.任何人都会犯错误
例句2 Hecan not be there now.他现在不可能在那儿
例句3.The weather can be very nice in winter.冬季气候可能很好
can在作为“能力”或“可能性”的意义用时,不能表示将来时间,如果要表示将来时间,的用shall/willbe able to +动词原形这一句型.例如
By the end ofthis year, you will be able to speak in English (表示能力)
到今年年底你会用英语说话了
Will you be ableto come ?(表示可能性)你明天可能来吗?
3.表示允诺或请求许可
You can go now.你现在可以走了
You can have myseat , I am going now.你可以坐我的座位,我现在要走了
Could 用法
1.表示“能力”或“可能性”,作为can的过去式
She can't singnow, but she could when she was young .她现在不能唱歌了,但她年轻时能
He said that hecouldn't come .他说他不能来
She askedwhether she could take the books out of the reading-room
她问可不可以把书拿出阅览室
2.代替表示现在时间的动作,但口气/语气比较/更加委婉
Could you showme the way ?请你给我指一下路好吗?
请你帮助我学英语语法好吗?Couldyou help me with my English grammar ?
can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中详细用法讲解
1.can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中,表示“怀疑”,“不相信”等态度
Can /Could thenews be true?这个消息会是真的吗?
He could/can hebe so careless?他怎么会这样粗心?
It surelycouldn't /can't be four o'clock already不可能已经四点钟了
2.can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中后面跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式,表示对过去发生事件的”怀疑“或不肯定,而could比can更加表示说话人的”不肯定“的语气.例如下面句子
My umbrella hasdisappeared, who could have taken it ?我的伞不见了,谁会拿呢?
Can he have saidthat ?他会说这样的话吗?
He can not havesaid that .他不可能说这样的话
could +have done这一结构可表示过去可能完成,但事实上并没有实现的动作,例如下面句子
He could have gone by bus,butHe went on foot.他本来可以坐车去得,但他走路去了
I could havepassed the test,but I failed .我本来能考及格的,但我没及格
三 may和 might详细用法讲解
may 的用法
1.表示”允许”或“请求别人允许”
May I come in?---yes ,you do (yes, you may )我可以进来吗?----请进.
May I borrowyour dictionary ?我可以借用你的字典吗?
2.表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情或许会发生,或某种情况可能会存在,例如下面句子
He may be ill .他也许病了.
The news may notbe true .消息也许不真实.
might的用法
1.表示允许,请求或可能性,作为may的过去式
2.Theboy asked whether he might go to the cinema .男孩问他可不可以去看电影
She was afraidthat they might not like the idea .她担心他们可能不赞成这个想法
2.代替may,表示可以做得的事,或可能发生的事
The radio saysthat it might rain today.收音机说今天有可能下雨
It might beworth thinking about .这一点可能值得考虑
这里might 不是may 的过去式,两者表示的时间是一样的,只是用might 时口气比较委婉,或实现的可能性更小些.
may 和might用在感叹句中
may 和might用在感叹句中,表示一种祝愿或愿望,例如下面句子
May you succeed.祝你成功.
He hoped that wemight have a very happy holiday .
他祝愿我们过个非常愉快的节日
may 和might常用在目的状语从句中
He was studyingEnglish so that he might read English books
他正在学英语,以便能阅读英语书籍
He died so thatthe others might live
为了使其他人能活下去,他自己牺牲了
may 和might后加动词不定式(不带to)的完成式
这一结构表示对过去的可能性的猜测,might较为含蓄委婉,或更加不肯定.
He may (might)have missed the train .他也许么有赶上火车.
She may(might)have gone.他也许走了.
may /might+havedone :这一结构,说明某一事情在过去没有实现并含有”劝告“甚至”“责备”的意思
You might havehelped me with my work.你本应帮助我工作才对(但是你没有)
He might haveanswered my letter.他本应给我回封信(可是他没有回)
You might havecome earlier .你本应早点来(可是你没有早来)
四.must详细用法讲解
must用法
1.表示命令或义务,有“必须”,"应该"之意
You must comeearlier tomorrow.你明天得早点来
You must wipeyour feet before coming into the house.
进入这房子以前,你必须把脚擦一擦
The pupils weretold that they must write more neatly.
学生们被告知他们必须书写得更工整些.
2.must的否定式表示语气比较强烈的“不应该”“不许可”“禁止”
We must't wasteour time.我们不应该浪费时间.
Books must notbe taken out of the reading-room.不准把书拿出阅览室.
3.在表示“没有义务”的意思时用neednot
You need't gohome , but I must .你不必回家,但我得回去.
Must I be at themeeting by eight o'clock.
No, you needn't, but don't be too late .我一定要在八点以前到会吗?不,不必,但也不要太迟.
Must we hand inour exercises today ?我们必须今天交练习吗?
No, you needn't.不,不必今天交.
4.表示推测,有“一定” “准时”之意(只用于肯定式)
You have workedhard all day long. You must be tired .你苦干了一整天了,一定累了吧.
Tom left here atfour o'clock , It's five now, He must be home .
汤姆是四点钟离开这儿的,现在五点了,他一定到家了.
5.当 must 表示推测意义时,它的否定式用cannot 而不是mustnot
He looks soyoung, He can not be thirty.
他看上去那么年轻,他不会有三十岁了吧
must 加动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构表示对过去事件的推测,有“一定”“准是”之意
The ground iswet, It must have rained last night地面是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了
Tom is absent,He must have been ill 汤姆昨天缺席了,他一定是病了
备注:概结构表示的推测是指对过去事情/事物的推测,前面4,5是指对现在或将来情况的推测.
五,haveto 和must详细用法精品讲解
have to +动词原形:
have to +动词原形和must都用于谈论义务,表示“不得不”,“必须”.但是两者意思不尽相同.
1.must用于主观上必须做得事情;二haveto 含有客观条件使得必须如此做的意思.
I must studyhard.我必须努力学习(我自己想努力学习)(表示说话对自己主观上的一种态度)
you must go toschool on time .
你得准时/必须准时上学(说话人要听话人必须要做的事情)(表示说话对听话人主观上的一种态度)
I have to studyhard我不得不努力学习(表示客观条件/情况迫使说话人必须要做的事情)
you have to goto school on time.
你不的不准时上学(表示客观上的某种制度或者规定迫使听话人必须准时上学,而不是说话人要求听话人必须要做的事情).
2.have to 有较多的时态,must 却没有
I had to get upat five o'clock every morning when I was young .
我年轻时每天早上不得不5点钟起床(表示过去时)
I shall have toget up very early tomorrow .
我明天必须起得很早(表示将来时)
六shall详细用法精品讲解
shall用法:
1.shall 作为情态动词用于第二,三人称,表示说话者的一种决定,允诺,或威胁
He shall do it ,whether he wants to or not .不管他愿不愿意,他必须做这项工作(命令)
You shall havean answer by tomorrow .到了明天你会得到答复的(允诺)
2.在疑问句中,情态动词shall用于第一,三人称,表示说话人征求对方的意见或指示
Shall I turn onthe light?我可以开灯吗?(征求对方意见)
Shall he come tosee you ?他需要来看你吗?
七will详细用法精品讲解
1.will 作为情态动词可用于各种人称,表示“意志” “意愿” 和“决心”等
I will do my best .我一定尽力而为.(表示意志)
If you will wait a moment , I will come with you .
如果你愿意等一会儿,我就和你一起来(表示意志)
They won't watch TV tonight今晚他们不看电视(表示决心)
2.will 还可以表示习惯性的动作或状态
He will sit for hours watching TV=He will sit watching TV forhours.
他总是坐几个小时看电视Fish will die out of water.
鱼儿离开水就不能活
3.will 在疑问句中用于第二人称时表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,
Will you pass me the book?请你把这本书递给我好吗?
Won't you have some tea ?( some 表示希望能得到对方肯定回答)请喝点茶好吗?
八should 详细用法精品讲解
should的用法
1.表示“应当” 或者“应该”的意思
You should finish your homework before going out .你应该在外出之前完成家庭作业.
You should listen to the teacher's advice , you should payattention to the spelling in your writing.
你应该听老师的忠告,在写作中你应该注意拼写.
2.表示“预测” “可能”
You should receive the parcel by next week.下星期你可能会收到邮包
They should be home by now .他们现在可能到家了
3.表示惊奇,赞叹,不满等情绪
Why should you come so early today ?你今天怎么来得这么早(表示惊奇)
Why should I go ?我为什么要去?(表示不满)
should 后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构指的是过去的事情.
1.肯定句:说明某件事本应该完成而未完成
You should have come earlier .你本应该早一点来.(但是你来晚了.)
All the students should have passed the examination .
所有的学生本应该都通过考试.(但是还是有人不及格.)
2.否定句:表示发生了不应该发生的事情或者作了不应该做的事情.
You should not have gone alone without companion .
你本不应该没有同伴独自一个人去.(但是你是独自一个人去了.)
He should not have worked late into the night.
他不应该工作到深夜.(但是他工作到了深夜.)
九:would详细用法精品讲解
would的用法
1.would是will的过去式,用于各种人称,表示过去时间的“意志","愿望” 和“决心”等
He told me thathe would leave the following day.他告诉我他第二天离开.
He promised thathe would do everything to help us .他答应要尽一切可能来帮助我们.
2.would用来表示现在或将来时间,表达说话人本身的意志,或作礼貌的请求,邀请,语气较为婉转.
Would you lendme a hand with the luggage ?请帮我搬搬行李好吗?
would you mindmy opening the window ?
你介意我打开窗户吗?或者,我打开窗户,你介意吗?
He would like tohave a cup of tea .他想喝一杯茶.
3.would表示过去习惯发生的动作.
Every morning hewould go for a walk .他每天早上出去散步.
When we werechildren we would go swimming every summer.
我们小时候,每年夏天都去游泳.
would后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构表示过去的愿望未能实现.
She would havegone with me , but she didn't have time.
她本来想和我一起去的,但是她没有时间.
I would haverung you up , but I lost your telephone number.
我本想给你打电话,但是我把你电话号码弄丢了
十.ought详细用法精品讲解
ought的用法
1.ought to 加动词原形,表示有责任,有义务做某事(和should用法差不多,但是语气要稍重些)
The studentsought to help each other .学生们应该互相帮助
You ought not towrite so carelessly你不应当写得这样潦草
2.表示揣想
She ought to behome by now .现在她应该已经到家了.
If he started atfive , he ought to be here now.如果他五点钟动身,现在他应当到了这儿了.
ought 跟动词不定式的完成式:这一结构指的是过去的动作
1.肯定式(oughtto have done):表示某件事情本应该做,而实际却没有做,相当于should have done表达意思.
He ought to haveseen a doctor .他应该去看医生的(但他没有去看医生)
You ought tohave returned these books to the library two weeks ago .
两星期前你就应该把这些书归还给图书馆.(但实际上你没有去归还图书)
2.否定句(oughtnot to have done )
表示:一件事情本不应该发生的却发生了,或者说做了本不该做得事情,相当于shouldnot have done表达意思.
You ought not tohave taken my dictionary without my permission .
你本不应该未经过我许可就拿走我的字典.(不该发生的事情发生了;或者做了不该做得事情.)
Children oughtnot to have drunk wine
孩子们本不应该喝酒.(但是孩子们却喝了酒.)
十一:need详细用法精品讲解
dare 的用法
1.在否定句和疑问句中:用法和其它情态动词一样,本身无变化,后面跟不带to的动词不定式,
No one darespeak of it .没有人敢谈到这件事情.
He dare not try他不敢试.
Dare you go homealone?你敢独自一个人回家吗?
Dare he admithis own mistake?他敢于承认自己的错误吗?
2.在肯定句中:dare后可跟带to 的动词不定式,这时候,dare和实义动词一样
Young peopleshould dare to think, dare to speak and dare to act .
年轻人要敢想,敢说,敢干.
3.dare做实义动词时用法:它的否定式和疑问句式要用助do来帮助完成,后面动词不定式to可以带
I have neverdared to tell him about it .我一直不敢把这事情告诉他.
The girl did notdare to go home alone .这个女孩不敢独自一个人回家.
Do you dare tosay so ?你敢这么说吗?
十二 need详细用法精品讲解
need的用法和dare几乎完全相同.
1.在否定句和疑问句中:用法和其它情态动词一样,本身无变化,后面跟不带to 的动词不定式.
We needn'thurry.我们不必赶急
Need we hand inexercises today ?我们今天需要交练习吗?
2.在肯定句中:need和实义动词一样,后面跟带to的动词不定式,第三人称一般现在式加s,并有时态的变化.
Every studentneeds to be on duty .每个学生都需要值日.
3.作实义动词时:它的否定式和疑问式要用助动词来帮助完成,后面的动词不定式可带to
Does he need toknow it ?---No, he does need to .他需要知道这事情吗? 不,不需要.
You don't needto answer the question.你不需要回到这个问题.
needn't 后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构指过去已经做了不需要做得事情.
You needn't havewatered the trees, as it is going to rain你本可以不必浇树,天要下雨了,(浇水这一动作已经发生了)
When we reachedthe airport , the plane had not arrived yet, so we needn't have hurried
当我们到达机场时,飞机还没有抵达,所以我们本没有必要匆匆忙忙.(但实际上匆匆忙忙这一动作已经发生了.)
一,概说:情态动词(ModalVerb):情态动词用来表示说话的人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法,如表示命令,允诺,请求,拒绝,愿望,义务,必要,可能,敢于,需要等
情态动词主要有:can/could;may/might;must/ought; need; dare/dared; shall/should; will/would
1.情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和实意动词或连系动词的原形(有时和这些动词完成和进行式)一起构成谓语
例如1:Wemust study hard .
我们应该努力学习(must+不带to 不定式study充当谓语)
例如2:Hecan speak a little English .
他会说一点儿英语(can +不带to 不定式speak充当谓语)
例如3:Hemust have gone home.
他准是/一定是回家了(must+不带to 不定式havegone 充当谓语)
例如4:Hemust be waiting for us .
他一定是在等我们(must+不带to 不定式bewaiting 充当谓语)
2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,第三人称单数的出现时,情态动词也不需要加s或者es
例句1. Ican write in English.
我会用英语写
例句2.Hecan write in English .
他会用英语写(不必说:Hecans write in English )
3.否定句和疑问句的构成
A:否定式:主语+情态动词+not+动词原形
例如1.Youcan not speak French.你不会说法语
例如3.Hemay not come today .他今天可能不会来
例如3.Youneed't look at me like that .你不必那样瞧我
B:疑问式:情态动词+主语+动词原形
例如1.MayI ask you a question about grammar ?
我可以问你一个语法问题吗?
Would you liketo go with me ?
你想和我一起去吗?
4.有些情态动词有过去式,有的过去式和它们的原形相同
A 有过去式的情态动词有:
shall---should ;will---would; can---could; may---might; need---needed; dare---dared
B 过去式不变的情态动词有:
must-must;ought---ought to
5.情态动词没有动词不定式,必要时用别的词语来表示
例如1:I'dlike to be able to dance.
我希望能跳舞(不可以说...tocan dance)
例如2.Youare going to have to work harder .
到时候你必须更加努力工作(不能说...tomust work harder)
二, can 和could详细用法讲解
can的用法
1.表示能力
例句1. Hecan speak French very well .他法语讲得很好
例句 2.Can you swim ?你会游泳吗?
例句3. Wecan hear birds singing.我们能听到鸟儿在歌唱
2.表示可能性
例句1. Anybody can make mistakes.任何人都会犯错误
例句2 Hecan not be there now.他现在不可能在那儿
例句3.The weather can be very nice in winter.冬季气候可能很好
can在作为“能力”或“可能性”的意义用时,不能表示将来时间,如果要表示将来时间,的用shall/willbe able to +动词原形这一句型.例如
By the end ofthis year, you will be able to speak in English (表示能力)
到今年年底你会用英语说话了
Will you be ableto come ?(表示可能性)你明天可能来吗?
3.表示允诺或请求许可
You can go now.你现在可以走了
You can have myseat , I am going now.你可以坐我的座位,我现在要走了
Could 用法
1.表示“能力”或“可能性”,作为can的过去式
She can't singnow, but she could when she was young .她现在不能唱歌了,但她年轻时能
He said that hecouldn't come .他说他不能来
She askedwhether she could take the books out of the reading-room
她问可不可以把书拿出阅览室
2.代替表示现在时间的动作,但口气/语气比较/更加委婉
Could you showme the way ?请你给我指一下路好吗?
请你帮助我学英语语法好吗?Couldyou help me with my English grammar ?
can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中详细用法讲解
1.can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中,表示“怀疑”,“不相信”等态度
Can /Could thenews be true?这个消息会是真的吗?
He could/can hebe so careless?他怎么会这样粗心?
It surelycouldn't /can't be four o'clock already不可能已经四点钟了
2.can/could 用于疑问句和否定句中后面跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式,表示对过去发生事件的”怀疑“或不肯定,而could比can更加表示说话人的”不肯定“的语气.例如下面句子
My umbrella hasdisappeared, who could have taken it ?我的伞不见了,谁会拿呢?
Can he have saidthat ?他会说这样的话吗?
He can not havesaid that .他不可能说这样的话
could +have done这一结构可表示过去可能完成,但事实上并没有实现的动作,例如下面句子
He could have gone by bus,butHe went on foot.他本来可以坐车去得,但他走路去了
I could havepassed the test,but I failed .我本来能考及格的,但我没及格
三 may和 might详细用法讲解
may 的用法
1.表示”允许”或“请求别人允许”
May I come in?---yes ,you do (yes, you may )我可以进来吗?----请进.
May I borrowyour dictionary ?我可以借用你的字典吗?
2.表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情或许会发生,或某种情况可能会存在,例如下面句子
He may be ill .他也许病了.
The news may notbe true .消息也许不真实.
might的用法
1.表示允许,请求或可能性,作为may的过去式
2.Theboy asked whether he might go to the cinema .男孩问他可不可以去看电影
She was afraidthat they might not like the idea .她担心他们可能不赞成这个想法
2.代替may,表示可以做得的事,或可能发生的事
The radio saysthat it might rain today.收音机说今天有可能下雨
It might beworth thinking about .这一点可能值得考虑
这里might 不是may 的过去式,两者表示的时间是一样的,只是用might 时口气比较委婉,或实现的可能性更小些.
may 和might用在感叹句中
may 和might用在感叹句中,表示一种祝愿或愿望,例如下面句子
May you succeed.祝你成功.
He hoped that wemight have a very happy holiday .
他祝愿我们过个非常愉快的节日
may 和might常用在目的状语从句中
He was studyingEnglish so that he might read English books
他正在学英语,以便能阅读英语书籍
He died so thatthe others might live
为了使其他人能活下去,他自己牺牲了
may 和might后加动词不定式(不带to)的完成式
这一结构表示对过去的可能性的猜测,might较为含蓄委婉,或更加不肯定.
He may (might)have missed the train .他也许么有赶上火车.
She may(might)have gone.他也许走了.
may /might+havedone :这一结构,说明某一事情在过去没有实现并含有”劝告“甚至”“责备”的意思
You might havehelped me with my work.你本应帮助我工作才对(但是你没有)
He might haveanswered my letter.他本应给我回封信(可是他没有回)
You might havecome earlier .你本应早点来(可是你没有早来)
四.must详细用法讲解
must用法
1.表示命令或义务,有“必须”,"应该"之意
You must comeearlier tomorrow.你明天得早点来
You must wipeyour feet before coming into the house.
进入这房子以前,你必须把脚擦一擦
The pupils weretold that they must write more neatly.
学生们被告知他们必须书写得更工整些.
2.must的否定式表示语气比较强烈的“不应该”“不许可”“禁止”
We must't wasteour time.我们不应该浪费时间.
Books must notbe taken out of the reading-room.不准把书拿出阅览室.
3.在表示“没有义务”的意思时用neednot
You need't gohome , but I must .你不必回家,但我得回去.
Must I be at themeeting by eight o'clock.
No, you needn't, but don't be too late .我一定要在八点以前到会吗?不,不必,但也不要太迟.
Must we hand inour exercises today ?我们必须今天交练习吗?
No, you needn't.不,不必今天交.
4.表示推测,有“一定” “准时”之意(只用于肯定式)
You have workedhard all day long. You must be tired .你苦干了一整天了,一定累了吧.
Tom left here atfour o'clock , It's five now, He must be home .
汤姆是四点钟离开这儿的,现在五点了,他一定到家了.
5.当 must 表示推测意义时,它的否定式用cannot 而不是mustnot
He looks soyoung, He can not be thirty.
他看上去那么年轻,他不会有三十岁了吧
must 加动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构表示对过去事件的推测,有“一定”“准是”之意
The ground iswet, It must have rained last night地面是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了
Tom is absent,He must have been ill 汤姆昨天缺席了,他一定是病了
备注:概结构表示的推测是指对过去事情/事物的推测,前面4,5是指对现在或将来情况的推测.
五,haveto 和must详细用法精品讲解
have to +动词原形:
have to +动词原形和must都用于谈论义务,表示“不得不”,“必须”.但是两者意思不尽相同.
1.must用于主观上必须做得事情;二haveto 含有客观条件使得必须如此做的意思.
I must studyhard.我必须努力学习(我自己想努力学习)(表示说话对自己主观上的一种态度)
you must go toschool on time .
你得准时/必须准时上学(说话人要听话人必须要做的事情)(表示说话对听话人主观上的一种态度)
I have to studyhard我不得不努力学习(表示客观条件/情况迫使说话人必须要做的事情)
you have to goto school on time.
你不的不准时上学(表示客观上的某种制度或者规定迫使听话人必须准时上学,而不是说话人要求听话人必须要做的事情).
2.have to 有较多的时态,must 却没有
I had to get upat five o'clock every morning when I was young .
我年轻时每天早上不得不5点钟起床(表示过去时)
I shall have toget up very early tomorrow .
我明天必须起得很早(表示将来时)
六shall详细用法精品讲解
shall用法:
1.shall 作为情态动词用于第二,三人称,表示说话者的一种决定,允诺,或威胁
He shall do it ,whether he wants to or not .不管他愿不愿意,他必须做这项工作(命令)
You shall havean answer by tomorrow .到了明天你会得到答复的(允诺)
2.在疑问句中,情态动词shall用于第一,三人称,表示说话人征求对方的意见或指示
Shall I turn onthe light?我可以开灯吗?(征求对方意见)
Shall he come tosee you ?他需要来看你吗?
七will详细用法精品讲解
1.will 作为情态动词可用于各种人称,表示“意志” “意愿” 和“决心”等
I will do my best .我一定尽力而为.(表示意志)
If you will wait a moment , I will come with you .
如果你愿意等一会儿,我就和你一起来(表示意志)
They won't watch TV tonight今晚他们不看电视(表示决心)
2.will 还可以表示习惯性的动作或状态
He will sit for hours watching TV=He will sit watching TV forhours.
他总是坐几个小时看电视Fish will die out of water.
鱼儿离开水就不能活
3.will 在疑问句中用于第二人称时表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,
Will you pass me the book?请你把这本书递给我好吗?
Won't you have some tea ?( some 表示希望能得到对方肯定回答)请喝点茶好吗?
八should 详细用法精品讲解
should的用法
1.表示“应当” 或者“应该”的意思
You should finish your homework before going out .你应该在外出之前完成家庭作业.
You should listen to the teacher's advice , you should payattention to the spelling in your writing.
你应该听老师的忠告,在写作中你应该注意拼写.
2.表示“预测” “可能”
You should receive the parcel by next week.下星期你可能会收到邮包
They should be home by now .他们现在可能到家了
3.表示惊奇,赞叹,不满等情绪
Why should you come so early today ?你今天怎么来得这么早(表示惊奇)
Why should I go ?我为什么要去?(表示不满)
should 后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构指的是过去的事情.
1.肯定句:说明某件事本应该完成而未完成
You should have come earlier .你本应该早一点来.(但是你来晚了.)
All the students should have passed the examination .
所有的学生本应该都通过考试.(但是还是有人不及格.)
2.否定句:表示发生了不应该发生的事情或者作了不应该做的事情.
You should not have gone alone without companion .
你本不应该没有同伴独自一个人去.(但是你是独自一个人去了.)
He should not have worked late into the night.
他不应该工作到深夜.(但是他工作到了深夜.)
九:would详细用法精品讲解
would的用法
1.would是will的过去式,用于各种人称,表示过去时间的“意志","愿望” 和“决心”等
He told me thathe would leave the following day.他告诉我他第二天离开.
He promised thathe would do everything to help us .他答应要尽一切可能来帮助我们.
2.would用来表示现在或将来时间,表达说话人本身的意志,或作礼貌的请求,邀请,语气较为婉转.
Would you lendme a hand with the luggage ?请帮我搬搬行李好吗?
would you mindmy opening the window ?
你介意我打开窗户吗?或者,我打开窗户,你介意吗?
He would like tohave a cup of tea .他想喝一杯茶.
3.would表示过去习惯发生的动作.
Every morning hewould go for a walk .他每天早上出去散步.
When we werechildren we would go swimming every summer.
我们小时候,每年夏天都去游泳.
would后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构表示过去的愿望未能实现.
She would havegone with me , but she didn't have time.
她本来想和我一起去的,但是她没有时间.
I would haverung you up , but I lost your telephone number.
我本想给你打电话,但是我把你电话号码弄丢了
十.ought详细用法精品讲解
ought的用法
1.ought to 加动词原形,表示有责任,有义务做某事(和should用法差不多,但是语气要稍重些)
The studentsought to help each other .学生们应该互相帮助
You ought not towrite so carelessly你不应当写得这样潦草
2.表示揣想
She ought to behome by now .现在她应该已经到家了.
If he started atfive , he ought to be here now.如果他五点钟动身,现在他应当到了这儿了.
ought 跟动词不定式的完成式:这一结构指的是过去的动作
1.肯定式(oughtto have done):表示某件事情本应该做,而实际却没有做,相当于should have done表达意思.
He ought to haveseen a doctor .他应该去看医生的(但他没有去看医生)
You ought tohave returned these books to the library two weeks ago .
两星期前你就应该把这些书归还给图书馆.(但实际上你没有去归还图书)
2.否定句(oughtnot to have done )
表示:一件事情本不应该发生的却发生了,或者说做了本不该做得事情,相当于shouldnot have done表达意思.
You ought not tohave taken my dictionary without my permission .
你本不应该未经过我许可就拿走我的字典.(不该发生的事情发生了;或者做了不该做得事情.)
Children oughtnot to have drunk wine
孩子们本不应该喝酒.(但是孩子们却喝了酒.)
十一:need详细用法精品讲解
dare 的用法
1.在否定句和疑问句中:用法和其它情态动词一样,本身无变化,后面跟不带to的动词不定式,
No one darespeak of it .没有人敢谈到这件事情.
He dare not try他不敢试.
Dare you go homealone?你敢独自一个人回家吗?
Dare he admithis own mistake?他敢于承认自己的错误吗?
2.在肯定句中:dare后可跟带to 的动词不定式,这时候,dare和实义动词一样
Young peopleshould dare to think, dare to speak and dare to act .
年轻人要敢想,敢说,敢干.
3.dare做实义动词时用法:它的否定式和疑问句式要用助do来帮助完成,后面动词不定式to可以带
I have neverdared to tell him about it .我一直不敢把这事情告诉他.
The girl did notdare to go home alone .这个女孩不敢独自一个人回家.
Do you dare tosay so ?你敢这么说吗?
十二 need详细用法精品讲解
need的用法和dare几乎完全相同.
1.在否定句和疑问句中:用法和其它情态动词一样,本身无变化,后面跟不带to 的动词不定式.
We needn'thurry.我们不必赶急
Need we hand inexercises today ?我们今天需要交练习吗?
2.在肯定句中:need和实义动词一样,后面跟带to的动词不定式,第三人称一般现在式加s,并有时态的变化.
Every studentneeds to be on duty .每个学生都需要值日.
3.作实义动词时:它的否定式和疑问式要用助动词来帮助完成,后面的动词不定式可带to
Does he need toknow it ?---No, he does need to .他需要知道这事情吗? 不,不需要.
You don't needto answer the question.你不需要回到这个问题.
needn't 后跟动词不定式(不带to)的完成式:这一结构指过去已经做了不需要做得事情.
You needn't havewatered the trees, as it is going to rain你本可以不必浇树,天要下雨了,(浇水这一动作已经发生了)
When we reachedthe airport , the plane had not arrived yet, so we needn't have hurried
当我们到达机场时,飞机还没有抵达,所以我们本没有必要匆匆忙忙.(但实际上匆匆忙忙这一动作已经发生了.)
do/did/dose、can/could 后面有两个或两个以上的动词时,所有动词都要保持原形吗?
是的. 只要是在同一主语下的动作。
When did you (go an help)him out?
i can come and do it myself.
When did you (go an help)him out?
i can come and do it myself.
本文标题: 英语六级 写英语作文时出现太多 can could help 这类的动词 如何替换
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