"Animal Farm" Du Hougan
Recently had the honour on the recommendation of the teacher read "Animal Farm" This good book. Said fortunate, because I was normal in this area do not pay attention to the books, of course, this does not mean that I am not interested in such books. But that in general are in the position I read some of my professional and closely related to some books, because I have been reading to pursue the "intensive reading" Intensive and professional-related master's classic masterpiece. Therefore, if the recommendation of the teacher if not, I am afraid to have the opportunity to read this book, it seems that at this time, I had to teachers to Liu, "The Sound of extremely grateful." Call it a good book, this is certainly no question about that. Because, since this book was born on the date in the world has aroused strong Fanxiang, and with the lofty rating. Therefore, I regard it as a rare look at the books, is in line with reality. Should perhaps say: "" Animal Farm "is good book, the Earth will know that!"
Of course, I say it, and some people have to ask: "Since you so respected this book, then you should be noted that where it Fortunately, where the Miao." Indeed, if I can not answer this question, to a large extent I will be all summed up as "echoed its views" bad role. Frankly, I do not want this person can become the people with ideology, although I just read the Qianchangzhezhi again, but I still have to "打肿脸充胖子" Shuaxiao a return or to "pig Zhu Ba-jie Dai Yanjing posing as students "Hu You 1. So in this comparison" Wochuo "the idea of the role, I think it is necessary to write this one Duhou Gan. In fact Shuilaishuiqu also be a reading attitude! Saint Cloud; "listen to his words and his deeds letter, in the Jin Wu people, listening to his words and watch his actions." In my personal view, the phrase used in this study should think so; "Reading did not study. Do not read books. Does not lie in your mouth that Reading did not read. Can not see. But you understood how much. Read this The number, have their own unique perspective. And their views reflect the best way is associated with the Du Hougan. A statement to the Pi - "did not write to write Du Hougan attitude is the only school testing standards." This is; "Listen to his words and watching his deeds" attitude of the study. Of course, this is only my personal view, as we can not get the recognition, then a different matter. But this freedom of expression in a democratic society, has "greatly Right to freedom of expression, "I said so is the bar may not be sinners. At least I said these are not reactionary remarks of this kind! Bad as long as this does not meet the state, today I say these words even if we were in The bottom of my heart, with special contempt, special sarcastic attitude to criticism, I do not fear the because I did not break the law, no one I can not take!
Also chat so much, should be entering a theme, such Youzai Tour Zai readers and viewers are probably the Zouguang. (To tell the truth, I was heading for his Lianshangtiejin, because my readers and viewers in the present and the future for a long period of time will be only one person, and this is my own). So I more or less扯desalination. More points on the Mexican and now have to start writing this Du Hougan Yibanyiyan of the main part!
Leaving aside the idea of this book depth and practical significance Xianbu Tan, I think that attracted me the most is the author beyond the imagination of ordinary people. Can actually occurred in real life, the human transplanted to various animals, terrible! Surprise to be able to describe Rumusanfen. Peacekeepers Miao Wei Xiao, admire! Can actually do in the community to expose the phenomenon of pain does not give people a kind of Itching feeling, people can not grasp your Xiaobian Zi, which is too Youcai! Anyway on a word, I am the author of this imaginative genius like Superman, I admire the vote of five to. All but can not pay homage to face A 1,10! At this point, I inadvertently opened a trailer grams. Bougainville's "On the American democracy," and he once again enjoy a democratic society literature on the development of some brilliant insights. Also in the process, I Ruoyousuosi, if the Jones……
"In a democratic society, like the material pleasures, to improve the situation of mutual competition, and other psychological desire Madaochenggong, as a Zhuizi in stimulating people did not have to step in for their own cause by Baoding, but not their Xu Yu left this cause. People's main energy, are used in this area has. Imagination has not been eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things, and it can reproduce what is almost a reality East and West. Equality is not only made people underestimate the ideal description, but also narrow the characterization of such targets should be the scope. "- Delaying grams. Bougainville
For <<Animal Farm>> this book, I think as long as a bit of good grounding in literature who can see that this book is in animals by exposing the actions of human reality it. In my personal opinion, taking into account the author's creative background and creativity - World War II, I dare to speculate, by the author in this book irony. Flogging at the time, "Nazism" and "socialism." As for why I Chuci Yan in the end I, in my next course of the narrative will give you a clear answer. Now if you told me this view of the still undecided, the first of it as I am a "hypothesis"! But at least no doubt that the authors in this process is deeply reflect real problem, but means much more sophisticated. Now we have a basic consensus, and this is George. Orwellian are on a unique perspective of examining the social, and the genius of imagination and ugly social reality ingenious combination, complement each other, bright. Now we look at further drag grams. Bougainville this description - "imagination is not eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things, and it can reproduce what is almost a reality thing. Equality Not only made people underestimate the ideal description, but also narrow the characterization of such targets should be the scope. " We actually surprised that the two are so anastomosis, really, "Xing Xing of the note". "Heroes see amenable to the idea." In fact, we then enlarge the perspective that our own vision-open, we will find in a broad array of Western classical masterpiece, all have strong flashes of such "realism" spirit, or "humanism" sentiments. Zakai from the darkness of the Middle Ages to the Age of Enlightenment era of the knowledge economy of today, this spirit, this sentiment has continued, has been distributed to youth and vitality. When we look back to Zhuigen fundamental reason for the time, we will only find the answer and only one, that is - "throughout the West to end a democratic society." Because of democracy, have a Rousseau, Marx these gifted thinkers of the world created by the Che-hung chapter masterpiece, as a democracy, only the <<Notre Dame de Paris >>,<<基督山伯爵>> these Handed down the Kuangshimingpian. Democracy for these gifted thinker and writer has provided a pure sky, so that the wisdom of Emmanuel, thinking of the spark as much carpet of blooming, enjoy the driving!
Western superiority of the political environment created by a large number of far-reaching impact on future generations giant of the times, these giant standing history Zhigao Dian, with sharp and deep look at our world. In particular, let us awe is: freedom and democracy in the West, these gifted thinkers can use their most sharp Bifeng to flogging at the time when the reality of the world, and no reason in the course of the narrative sometimes mixed with Bizarre, let us They were all the imagination of Superman and Paianjiaojue. This is the democratic era of the style of writing, just as drag grams. Bougainville has said, "imagination has not been eliminated, but it could have imagined the things is almost out of the practical things and the things it can reproduce the reality of things is almost . " This reality is close to saturation culvert imaginative style of writing, I was very respected.
At this point, I would like to talk about my style of writing on China's views and artistic atmosphere, of course, I am here is to criticize our great motherland has. In fact, people now often say, "Now is really the brains of young people so that bad, now our country国泰民安. The situation is excellent, even the foreigners say" I love china ", why do we have to Chongyangmeiwai» Is the West the moon Really than the east circle »I can not see in! Therefore, in life, young people still have to look at the highlights of our times, and more to talk about the good of our socialist society." Complain too much anti-Duanchang "them ! Young people do not cynical, dry point and more practical, more praise of the great People's Republic of China that we will not be dead ah! " Indeed, I criticized their own motherland, to some extent, failed national integrity, but if everyone not dare say the truth, are not telling the truth, then what is our nation's future? » True to the "emperor's new clothes" that point, I think our country has almost finished! So here I learn a Taiwanese writer Bo Yang, the Chinese people will continue to ugly criticism in the end. Of course, in which the role of radical sentiments, I would inevitably exaggerate the facts, to some "unwarranted" Shi Penzi deduction on our people. So you please Zhang wisdom of the eyes, I try to find the irregularities, I criticized the Chinese people after me to continue this "reactionary. Ugly" Chinese people thrown to the ground. However, I hope that we will not completely negative, because I think I awarded by the inverted these phenomena we really耳濡目染. A common, so from this point of view, I am not free with no drama, not invented, but factual. Only criticism is not yet ripe on the heat, unable to accurately grasp the essence of the issue, leading to only a certain degree of distortion.
In the show that I have these views, I can finally speak their minds by now. Even back Maming I also recognize, as I have done the most to you a lengthy description. If you or Buyiburao, that I really had no way. Get started now critical! Mentioned the West has continued to today's most perfect style of writing, and to indicate my own fresh point of view - very respected! Now I would like to talk about our era, China is the style of writing and artistic atmosphere of the situation.
We now have stressed the need to build a harmonious culture. That good! Since we emphasize harmony, it is natural and has a culture of tolerance it. Another argument, which is what the cultural ideology we must have, what kind of culture we have to engage. Because that is the essence of harmony "and different"! Since the day we are called Nang harmony, then it must surely you must have Kuangda mind, all-inclusive breadth of it. But the reality is that I said this? » Is not! As we engage in cultural construction, we are always in to the "pursue the theme" the tone of letting go. In this thinking under the influence, we find that such a truth - not at the main theme of socialism is the only test standard literary works. Thus, even if you write an article to the humor. To reality. As long as you一不小心exposed so that a slight, in his view is contrary to the social reality of the so-called "mistakes" and immediately put to you was "anachronistic melody," Gao Maozi, you will fight a stick Chen Shui-bian, Killed. And what is the main theme? » In their view is to glorify Taipingshengshi, sing socialism, and Yang is to vigorously core of the revolutionary spirit of the times of war. I admit that in our socialist such a big country, we really need to pay attention to the ideological and cultural construction, we should vigorously to build a socialist core value system. Because of ideological problems are the most terrifying than Osama bin Laden also bin Laden. If the ideological think about the 1.3 billion Chinese people are not a consensus, that is to say that we are terrorists in terms of ideology, not everyone is Ma Jiajue, the community also can not Luantao! So for our country to vigorously strengthen the socialist ideological and cultural aspects of the building I do not oppose, I do not agree with this is the "official culture" grasping the dead too. Pipe is too strict!
Take the video for it. I turn on the TV, film on the war from the face of overwhelming. I do not understand, Lane, in a peaceful era we shoot so many war films doing ah » Our China is not saying that to build a harmonious world? » But in China the film. Sowing big war films, this is it not ill-» If foreigners do not know that you are pursued by China's independent foreign policy of peace, then people really think you China is a country of military hegemony? » Of course, make so many war films is also very necessary. But I did not say these words, some experts is the official said. In their view, make war films, war films sowing purpose is to let our young people remember history and to understand that today's happy life is hard. But no one dare say that they are doing this, they have no other a conspiracy, it is a glorification of truth - only the Communist Party can save China. So I say that they are those that are not relevant to the subject of the Che Dan, in their eyes This is the ultimate goal.
It must be pointed out is that I was not here in the criticism of our great party, telling the truth I have not the slightest mean that, I can swear to God. Oh, no, we should vow to Marxism to the one that I am innocent. Everyone must recognize that we, the Chinese Communist Party in China in modern history did for our entire Chinese nation has made great achievements shine through the ages, it really is the truth - the Communist Party, there would be no new China. But I was in the above named Road to the criticism of the theme we carry forward the practice is not to say that we should not engage in this area of construction, to incite people to forget our party's great. But that we do in this area has too. In other words, is that we value this respect too, and consciously and unconsciously, in the course of the neglected genre of other forms of cultural development, and even to some extent directly or indirectly to suppress the other form of art Development and growth.
So we can see that in a number of major cultural awards show, like the so-called "spiritual civilization construction of a five Project Award", "Golden Rooster" and "Hundred Flowers" and a series of film festival, the type of work with the Award Is the greatest probability » Is promoting the theme of this kind. Such as "Liang Jian", "the Eighth Route Army" ah, "Ren Changxia," "lanes Prime Minister". Indeed in many of these works in the boutique, Take "Liang Jian", bar, is very much like my own! To be fair, is a good drama, whether it is from the story or the characters can be said that the shape is perfect. But I have to ask a 1,10 » This and the extent to which we linked to the realities of life? » I Youmei life in that war years, I know how hard it's that time » We are not saying that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth? » I think, ah, if we do not have the life experiences during the war years, I can not believe you said in the TV series in all, at least not the whole letter. Who knows you in the process of film drama did not exaggerate the reality ah » Even if you do a fake, telling the truth no one knows it » In that era who now lives in the 1980s and an estimated age of the bar, say Taibu Jing, it is not shared, there is early to report back to Marxism, and now Who can say clearly that part of history? » After all, is a confused account, all of us in this way you were Hu You!
Shuilaishuiqu in fact, that is to say, these works out of our lives this reality. We Health in the 21st century, you more than the whole point of our lives and works closely related to the same! You know why South Korea's such a drama? Fire » There is no particular reason for this is that these works with other people's reality, to reality ah! In fact, we Chinese people can also make such a drama, ah, why such a big market in China to allow it to the occupation of the tiny South Korea »these people that we are not patriotic such, I think they are the most unpatriotic. That's not good that these people are still out-and-out traitors!放着make the country a drama of such a major event,不干a good thing, but to the whole Narita some very distant from us very distant war films, such a big cake to give foreigners eat, this is not the act of buying and traitor What are »
Of course, I said very radical, it is inevitable that people can not stand. In fact, the war-appropriate film is very necessary, is the so-called "history as a mirror, is Yi Guan"! But will shoot so many people Daowei Kou. To be honest, do not break the story on so few? » It is necessary to disruption to disruption? » But China's modern history we have learned from the primary University, who did not know the Jinggang Mountains, the Yan'an ah » Who does not know that the Sino-Japanese War, the War of Liberation ah » Even the Chinese are Huhutaishui, you suddenly he was called up to him to answer some of the war years, he is absolutely Daobeiruliu, the word is not charged. It seems to me, ah, Dieniang birthday can not know, but the birth of the Communist Party certainly know that. That these simply want to say is, ah, we have to our revolutionary history has been very understanding, the official would not be necessary again engage in so much of the publicity. To do so much, really is费力不讨好, even in the strokes were scolded.
But in my view, in the future for a long period of time, our government is the main theme will be to build a culture of the key cultural construction. That is to say they will vigorously to eulogize the spirit of revolution and vigorously extol Taipingshengshi. In this process, or will ignore a true reflection of our social conditions related to the cultural style of the building. To be honest, we Chinese are in a transition stage, how can you be that there are no problems, no conflicts? » In my view, our modern complex inner world is a great genre! Our vulnerable groups is a good description of the object! Migrant workers so many stories do not have a good-looking, and this unreasonable it » But we do not like the culture is concerned about the reality, that is like archaeology, like retro. Even if the writing is the reality, always more or less divorced from reality, always报喜不报忧, Jianhaojiushou. Here, I am reminded of the Po Yang, in "ugly Chinese," a book by exposing the Chinese people a fatal weakness - fear of telling the truth, Sibu admit! As we agree this point of view, it all by themselves slowly to find it.
To be mad is the case, these are just my reading "Animal Farm" by the thinking part, in fact, I still have many ideas, but not only written material. Saying this out, I know you will think that I am very proud of these people. However, Confucius is not talked about it » "I do not know who is not a problem, and also to know." The translation, that is to say a person is not afraid of other people do not know, the key is to let others should have the ability to know you. I think I was relatively Taoren Yan evil, and we do not like to discuss, this is my love Xianbai,张狂act created the Evil! Not to say nonsense, since it has said that, should not have said that now, to let everyone on the Zouxia Tai collective trial on me!

　　看完一本名著后，相信大家的视野一定开拓了不少，现在就让我们写一篇走心的读后感吧。千万不能认为读后感随便应付就可以，以下是我精心整理的动物农场读后感，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

动物农场读后感1

　　在看完《动物农场》后，我心里始终还有一个疑惑：难道学求真的可以将人性的两面性演绎得那么生动？一只在动物与人之战中几乎舍身的去为动物的自由奋斗，在'和平年代'又首先提出了建造风车且为风车刻苦画草图的先锋，这样一位可以成为动物们信赖且敬仰的领导者，在被错误赶出农场后，还会有对农场的报复行为？而且还是以一种比较卑鄙的手段，它使农场内起内讧，然而却促使了农场内许多无辜的动物死亡？ 在动物农场的>故事中我发现了许多世界政治发展中缩影，大多数都是对现实的一种批判，在文中有一匹母马，她很爱吃糖果，很喜欢主人给她的缎带，但他也有一份于其它动物都一样的对自由的向往，也许是因为他听说再说有动物获得自由后说有动物都不应该把自己一点一点地向人靠近，不能吃糖果，不能系缎带，不能穿衣服，总而言之就是不能因为获得自由而逐渐使自己有一种接近于人的心态的一系列规矩后，他向往自由的新一点一点就散了。再后来他就再没人注意的情况下溜走了，等到动物们再一次听说她时，他成为了另一位农场主人的马车用马，在金饰辉煌的马车前她系有它爱不释手的缎带，快乐并自豪地奔跑着。如果它使现实生活中的一个人，我想它其实并不坏，也不自私，它有它所爱的，它有权力为自己而去追求它，它既然向往美丽而就敢于受人类的驾驭，让他去会是最好不过的，它不应该受到有些人的藐视。

　　我想在《动物农场》这本书中讽刺意味较重的是对拳击手那一句永远的'刻理名言':拿破仑永远是对的！（拿破仑是那一只雪球之外的另一位主要的领导人）很多时候，我在赞叹他不知劳苦为动物们工作时，我又不得不叹息她柔弱的思考能力，一个人不可能永远是对的，这应该已经是妇孺皆知的道理了，难道他在发现'七诫'的悄悄改变之后，对他的领导人都没有丝毫的怀疑？对领导人的信仰都没有过丝毫摇晃？有是有的，只是动摇的不够，不足以使其发生改变。然而在动物们终于觉醒时一切已晚，一切又回到了人统治时一样。而拳击手由于积劳成疾，而且有它坚信的领导者对他的出卖，最后拳击手死在了屠夫的手里而拿破仑以他的死换了几箱威士忌。哎！没有思想真恐怖！

　　本文最大的讽刺点就是拿破仑，以及他与那些猪们逐渐的变化。有时我觉得拿破仑是一个挑衅者，他在人们面前的时候他是为人民的好领导，在他受到人类的一切稀奇事物的吸引后他口口声声说为人民好，却自己一点一点地违反自己定的>规章制度，偷偷的更改规章的同时，还使发言人出除去平息人民的议论，美其名曰自己是有脑力活动的领导者，需要跟好的休息。在发外生对人类的反抗之前，他对动物们描述的未来他们掌控着农场后的美丽蓝图，鼓舞着人民的斗志，在胜利后主动发表了'七戒',在和平时代大声地欢呼'两只腿坏，四只腿好'到后来却以'四只腿好，两只腿更好！'结束了本文。 在对诱惑还不了解时，领导者便以幻想中理想世界去鼓舞人民为那一种生活而抗争，当他们坚强经理患难后，他们却已经没有时间去意识到他们是没有一颗可以低或诱惑的心。

　　就这样，有些悲剧就酝酿成了。

动物农场读后感2

　　公猪雪球因与拿破仑唱反调而被流放，被赶走后被称作是人类派来的奸细，而此后，动物农场上的任何设施或任何计划被破坏都被称作是雪球深夜潜入农场所为。并且，拿破仑一口咬定农场上还有雪球的卧底，并以此为借口将大量的无辜的或拿破仑看着不顺眼的动物杀害。雪球所影射的，便是某国的托某，而被杀害的动物，不用多言，便是“肃反”中的托派分子。然而，为了表达自己对托派的同情，作者最后仅把雪球的.命运设为了一个未知数，而没有使其像真正的托某一样惨遭被暗杀的厄运。老马“拳师”为农场的建设立下了汗马功劳，并是拿破仑的狂热追随者，他的口头禅清晰的表现了这一点：“拿破仑同志永远正确。”最后，因劳累过度而得重病。公猪们许诺将把他送到最好的医院去。所谓的医院的车来了，“拳师”被接走了。车门关上了，露出了血红的几个大字：屠马场。当动物们发现不对劲时为时已晚，无论如何追赶，都不能搭救拳师了。“拳师”是一个典型的悲剧人物，影射了那一时期那些竭力地拥护统治者，对其高唱颂歌，而最后当自己对统治者而言已无利用价值之时而遭杀害的普通人。这类人很单纯，很容易被人利用，只要进行最简单的愚化就会成为奸诈者的工具，而这也使得他们兔死狗烹的悲剧命运成为了必然——为极权专制的奸诈之人服务，不会得到真正的尊重，因为你就像一堆在荒原上点燃的稻草，烧过之后，仅会被遗弃甚至是再被谁踩上几脚，此后便每人问津你这堆灰烬了——这也就是他们的命运的悲剧色彩的由来。在那个时代被杀害当然可悲，值得同情，但是最值得同情的人是那些自己铺就自己死亡之路的“拳师”们。老驴本杰明沉默少言，显得愤世嫉俗。他所代表的那类人，在那个特殊时期里，随已洞悉一切，但是为了保全身家性命，选择了沉默少言，明哲保身。这类人有自己的智慧，使他们安然度过动荡。

　　小说中有一个细节：雪球曾组织动物学校，组织动物们学习拼读，但拿破仑对此嗤之以鼻，最后取缔了这个学校。结合一下后面的情节，会发现这个情节设置得极为巧妙。取缔动物学校的原因并不好理解，但仔细思索思索，其中的缘由也就明了了。使动物们不具备拼读能力的真正目的是为了给“策”的大行其道大开方便之门，试想，假若动物们会了拼读，有了文化，有了思想，那么对“七戒”的修改、对猪们给自己创造的借口动物们必定会产生不可消除的怀疑，而动摇拿破仑独裁，那么拿破仑也就不可能将专制推向巅峰，达到他的邪恶目标。这在现在也是很有启迪的：真正的民主，只有在当全体公民都具备高文化水准，有独立思想能力，能够对政治议题真正有分析能力的时候再会产生，而在一个没有良好文化氛围而公民素质低下的社会中，一旦民主制度被以某个冠冕堂皇的理由建立了起来，那么，可能带来的是一场灾难。不安分的奸诈之人必定在这样一种环境中蛊惑人心，利用民主制度提供的政治环境大肆宣传自己的歪理邪说，最终将民众彻底，使其麻木而使民众不能真正的参与民主，自己独揽大权将极权主义推向巅峰。这是这本书在现在的政治环境下对世人最具有警世作用的一点了。

　　本书十分有趣，也有很深意味，希望大家也能读读这本书。

动物农场读后感3

　　英国作家乔治·奥威尔(George Orwell，1903-50)在1945年，二战刚结束那段时间，写下了短篇小说《动物农场》(Animal Farm)，并且以小说的方式呈现了1917年俄国革命，当时沙皇专制被推翻，布尔什维克上台，革命在统治者约瑟夫·斯大林(Joseph Stalin，1879-1953)的领导下逐渐背叛了当时的支持者。

　　这部小说以列宁(有人说是马克思或列宁-马克思的组合)、托洛茨基和斯大林为开头，分别以老少校(农场里年龄最长的猪，所有动物的老大)、雪球和拿破仑(老少校逝世后接管老少校的角色的猪)为角色。在农场里饲养的动物被用来生产(如母鸡)、劳动(如马车)和育肥以备之后宰杀(如猪)。老少校在临死前召集所有农场里的动物，做了一个反抗“人类的统治”的演讲。而俄罗斯革命被讽刺为琼斯先生(农场的主人)和他的动物之间的矛盾。

　　农场的动物们一天用蛮力撞破了所有的栅栏，并且把农场主赶走了。是的，它们取得了胜利，并且接管了农场的一切。不久后它们便开始了收割干草之类的日常工作。农场里的猪发布了“动物主义七戒”，其中包括“所有动物都是平等的”信条。它们选择不做艰苦的劳动，只为了自己的享受与舒适干活。在这里，拿破仑也开始了它的统治。在它的统治下，普通动物的生活被改变了，他们每天都依旧相信自己正在打造老少校的“共和国”。但实际上拿破仑提过很多无理的要求，列入开采石头搭建风车。所有动物每时每刻都在不停的开采石头，日复一日，年复一年。在拿破仑恐怖的压迫下，几乎没有任何动物违反这位主宰的指令，因此很多动物也形成了身体和健康上的问题。所以动物的生活质量真的变得更好了吗?它们有没有成功建设心目中的“动物共和国”呢?

　　我认为并没有。

　　《动物农场》中呈现的主题与普通人继续相信一场被彻底背叛的革命有关。这部小说中出现的情感来自作者对那些普通动物的描写，这些动物毫不犹豫的为一个残酷的制度工作。这方面的一个例子是拳手(农场里最强健的马)，他是猪的“最忠实的门徒”。这些马“自己很难想产生独立思想，但一旦接受了猪作为他们的老师，他们就吸收了猪所知道的一

　　切，并把它传给了其他动物。”无论是收割干草还是在采石场取石头，拳手都比任何其他动物都努力工作。它经常会在太阳还没升起之前就开始艰苦的工作，但他每时每刻仍然奉行“我会更加努力工作”的座右铭。事实上，他这样无私地为自己服务，以至于他工作得接近死亡。在这一点上，拿破仑虽然提到要把他送到医院，但还是私下把他卖给了屠宰场，然后用卖了尸体的钱为农场的猪买威士忌。是的，在推翻农场主的统治不久后，猪的行为变得不可理喻，它们开始霸占人类的床、地毯以及其它私人用品。它们也逐渐开始学习人类的作息时间，以及运用人类使用的工具。没有任何一头猪展现劳动能力，它们只在不停的给别的农场动物分配工作。

　　这部小说在剧情的发展下一直强调了永远不要对一场被背叛的革命失去信心。例如，当动物们参加牛棚之战时，他们见证了雪球因与琼斯的战斗中出了很大一份力而被奉为为“动物英雄，头等动物”。但拿破仑后来用矛盾的细节修改了历史，宣布雪球实际上与农场主肩并肩对抗动物。当动物们抗拒这个新故事时，猪让他们相信他们的记忆是错误的。这种修正主义以及动物们的盲目信任，在奥威尔看来，显示了当时社会上百姓的悲剧，他们放弃了更好的判断，任由极权主义的主宰编造现实。

Animal Farm是乔治奥威尔所写的一部反乌托邦小说。它讲述了一个庄园中动物们在老猪Old Major的煽动下对农场主Mr. Jones的剥削压迫逐渐产生不满并通过“革命政变”的方式将其驱逐，建立了由动物专政的Animal Farm。庄园的指挥权在Old Major去世后主要掌握在两头猪——Snowball和Napoleon手中，二者就如何建设动物之间互相平等的理想庄园问题上政见不同，更善权术的Napoleon秘密训练了一支凶恶的猎狗护卫队将Snowball驱逐出境，开始了血腥的“独裁”统治，从行为到思想全面控制所有动物，一有违背命令或通敌嫌疑就判处死刑，并推崇对它的个人崇拜，这使得动物们陷入了比最初更为悲惨的压迫剥削中。

纵观全书，故事是在建立Animal Farm后猪与其他动物之间矛盾冲突的不断加深中逐渐展开的。猪一次又一次试探并突破其他动物的底线，突破成功后变得更加猖獗，进而使整个庄园的统治比人统治时期更为独裁。书中主要矛盾冲突是围绕着“七大戒律”的不断修改和风车的不断被毁与重建，并在此过程中演变得越发尖锐和突出。

动物的悲剧是Napoleon的思想统治造成的。在风车的修建问题上，初期Napoleon成功驱逐Snowball后，由于没有足够的科学知识，第一次建成的风车不够牢固被风摧毁，第二次更加卖力建成的成果又被人类炸毁，矛盾在第三次重建中Boxer之死到达全书的顶点。乔治奥威尔是一个深谙读者心意的人，他偏要把动物们一次比一次付诸更多心血的成果一次又一次毁灭给我们看，以达到更强烈的心理冲击效果，进而更好地体现动物的可怜可悲，Napoleon的可恨。读到Boxer之死时我有一瞬间想哭的感觉，却发觉自己和书中这些麻木无知的动物们一样表达不出情感。Boxer是Napoleon的忠实支持者，他常说的话有两句：Napoleon is always right和I will work harder。他是全农场的劳模，干活时最卖力，也最不计较个人利益。当他意识到工作量加重，他会自觉延长工作时间；当他发现其他动物都搬不动石头，他会自觉多承担些以便更快建好风车。他最大的愿望就是看到风车建好，退休后过着Old Major描述的极乐生活。说他是忠实支持者并不恰当，因为他缺乏思考能力，我认为在任何人的领导下，他都能任劳任怨、勤勉地做好每一件事。事实上Napoleon对Boxer早有杀念，因为Boxer思路转换慢，不愿相信关于Snowball是叛徒的一套说辞。在他第一次公开“大清洗”时，他就用狗试探过Boxer的武力，失败后才利用屠宰场除掉Boxer。他为农场奉献了自己的一生，或者说被榨取了一生，仍然得不到善终，而且竟是以表面去治病实际被屠宰的荒谬而残忍的方式结束了生命。作者不忍批判他的无知，表达的更多是同情。我哀其不幸，怒其不争，为他深感惋惜。

动物们的反应同样耐人寻味。他们先是单纯地相信Boxer只是被送去兽医处医治，含泪道别。当他们知道押送Boxer的车来自屠宰场时，他们想拦住车却为时已晚。我以为这足以刺痛他们的神经，然而最后他们仍然没有对Napoleon表示任何不满，反而欣然接受了Squealer漏洞百出的说辞，以为只是兽医的新车忘记改掉原先屠宰场的标志。这使我愤怒，我为Boxer和其他所有动物感到悲哀。当一个人虔诚地信仰一个权威，到了不能明辨是非黑白的境地时，便进入了一种思想桎梏，或者说被洗脑。这种愚昧不禁让人怀疑人生在世的意义，如果人陷入了盲目崇拜的思想困境，那么此时的人究竟是供驱使的工具还是独立的个体。

Animal Farm变质的过程是作者在映射人性的局限。在戒条的修改问题上，就更为明显的体现出来了。Animal Farm建立时猪曾经在墙上刻下七条戒律，代表了革命的最初理想。然而后期Napoleon利用其他动物不识字、记忆力差的缺陷，不断修改戒条，使其不断适应自己并能够合理解释自己一步步的越界行为，逐渐偏离了革命初衷。比如最初规定所有动物都不能睡在床上，以区别自己和人类，但猪为了方便自己，改成了动物不能睡在“铺床单”的床上。动物之间不可以互相杀害，以构建平等和谐的社会，但猪为了清除异己，改成了不可以“在没有理由的情况下”杀害其他动物。这样一步步修改，最终所有的戒条都不复存在，而换成了“有的动物比别的动物更加平等”，以方便猪更好地行使特权压迫其他动物。这使我看到一个人性的困境，人本性中有很多恶。猪作为领导者，又在智力上有很大的优势，很难克制自己不去占其他动物的小便宜。从独占牛奶和苹果、独占Mr. Jones的房间，到利用全农场动物的劳动来为自己的后代建学校、酿酒等，再到最后变成了彻头彻尾的独裁统治者，从占小便宜变成剥削压迫。我认为这里很难批评猪的自私，扪心自问，如果我身在猪的位置上，面对一群无知的被统治者，真的能比猪做的更有道义吗？不太一定。我认为只要是有人的地方，人与人之间的冲突因为人性使然，永远无法消失，绝对的互不侵犯决无可能。同样，有国家、有阶层的存在，和容易就发现“有的人比其他人更平等”，刻意强调绝对平等的乌托邦社会更是难上加难。

精神压迫比肉体压迫更可怕。读到这本书的开头，我以为已经猜到了结局，那就是随着猪与其他动物之间的矛盾逐渐尖锐，其他动物最终不堪压迫，推翻Napoleon的统治。但乔治奥威尔并没有如我所愿，无论矛盾多么尖锐，统治者多么荒谬，动物们总能一次又一次被洗脑，并继续虔诚地信奉着在所谓的平等的动物共和国生活，日子会越来越好。这使我在阅读过程中心情始终是沉闷的，总感觉有些什么郁结在胸口，始终无法一吐为快。于是我一直反思的问题也在于此，为什么作者在如此明显的情节构建下，还不让动物们反抗呢？我认为作者这里想体现的是，思想的统治远比行为的压迫更加可怕。在Mr. Jones统治的时代，动物们纵然生活辛苦，为人类服务，但思想是自由的，起码还有表达不满的能力。可是在Napoleon执政时期，猎狗护卫队的威慑和Squealer的洗脑恩威并施，动物们甚至不敢也不能独立思考。人最可怕的不是没有行动自由，而是没有辨识是非的能力，因为他们如果意识不到自己的悲剧，那么即使有再强壮的体魄、再精锐的武装，也永远无力反抗。

故事的结局是必然的，因为Animal Farm 的建立超越了动物的认知水平。事实上从最开始，动物们就自己为什么受到压迫，为什么要反抗，都是不明白的。他们仅仅是被煽动，认为只要Mr. Jones不在，一切都是好的。这种盲目的反抗不是自然产生的情绪，换句话说，不是自然规律，而是多种外部因素促成的一个偶然事件。这就从根本上注定动物庄园这种超越动物认知水平的模式是不成熟的，甚至虚假的。比如书中Mollie，无论猪怎样劝说佩戴人类赐予的丝带是一种被压迫的象征，她始终无法理解，反而执意觉得有丝带才是美丽。从最初就没有明确过革命的目的，你又怎么能期待这个动物庄园能建设成革命理想的样子？

Animal Farm因为其人性的困境和认知能力的缺陷而失败。因为遇到人类的局限，又有构建绝对平等社会的理想，不得不采取了精神压迫思想统治的方式。作者用绝对荒谬的手法无比真实地告诉世人，绝对平等的乌托邦是不可能的。人与人之间的差别必然存在，无论智力、体力、外表、天赋等等，我们必须承认，是差异的存在才构成了人类社会。而前苏联超越现实，最终也必将回归现实。正如动物们所说，我们看看人，再看看猪，竟看不出二者有何区别。

读罢此书我曾陷入长久的沉默，我感到无奈又彷徨，如何真正实现共产主义？乔治奥威尔本人认为实现共产主义是人类伟大的理想。我们渴望平等，但更应认清当前还没有达到能够绝对平等的历史阶段，因为我们的思想觉悟还不能做到人人都克服人性的障碍，人人实现认知水平的飞跃。在摸索共产主义的过程中，我们会遇到困难，会认识错误，而后会逐渐走向正轨，会靠近目标。这是人类在不断向更高层次社会探索过程中所必经的过程，这种不倦追求的精神也正是人类的可贵和伟大之处。

1.《在人间》读后感
这本书说高尔基为了生活而要在鞋店、东家的房子里和轮船上工作。除了他的外祖母、外祖父、玛尔戈皇后这些有文化、有教养的人以外，在周遭的都是那些低俗、爱吵架、背地里说人坏话的小市民。
见识的浅薄，生活圈子的狭小让高尔基周围的人都不懂书籍的好处，总在抑制他看书的欲望。而他就像不屈的小草一样，坚持看书，也有如荷花，不受污泥的沾染。“我来到人间”，仿佛就暗示着这人间的媚俗和可憎可笑的面目；而普希金的诗集、阿克萨夫的《家庭记事》、著名的俄罗斯史诗《在森林中》等书籍构成了高尔基的天堂，这个“人间”里的天堂。
我佩服高尔基的毅力和恒心，在如此艰苦的条件下仍手不释卷，不理会别人的反对而做自己认为对的事。“真理永远掌握在少数人的手里”，高尔基就是这少数人中的一个，因为他经历了许多，也阅读了许多，包括生活这本难“啃”的书。我羡慕高尔基灵活、流畅的文思，随时随地就能吟出一首小诗来抒发情感。当然，这自然是他的外祖母的功劳。 高尔基的勤勉、毅力和恒心，还有他高尚的外祖母、外祖父不也构成了一个天堂吗?天堂与人间只一线之隔，却就大不相同了。有的人家有万卷书，却腹无点墨；有人做乞丐，却也能读好书，学到不少的知识。人间与天堂是人心的两个表现，被凡尘俗世所污染的心就是人间；反之高洁的心灵就如鸡群中的鹤，与众不同，成了天堂。 只要肯干，脚踏实地，人间也会变成天堂。
《在人间》是一本不同的小说,不是描写贵族舞会似的生活,而是一本贫民贴心的读物.跟着主人公去经历底层社会的种种.在无法抗拒的压力下,人们似乎只能选择堕落.每人都有各自的生活经,懂得怎样去敷衍与游戏.在肮脏的环境与低俗的思想里,在狭隘的天地与无聊乏味的日子里,调情与淫荡似乎成了大家唯一有趣的嗜好."大家都相互欺骗着,这里面没有爱,大家都只是胡闹而已."爱情已经完全扭曲为一种简单的肉体上的依存,但这又有什么关系,大家不都过的很正常吗?谁叫社会所需要的只是他们能够提供简单的劳力而已.
2.《在人间》读后感
俗话说：活到老，学到老。这句话是高尔基说的，也是我在他的《在人间》里深深体会到的。每次重温这篇文章时，我不禁感慨万千！
男主人公阿廖沙，其实也是高尔基，他在鞋店当店员，在圣象作坊当学徒，在绘画师家帮忙，在轮船上做杂工，虽然并没有挣到多少钱，也没有学习到多少技术，可是他也有非常大的收获，那就是博览群书。
在这样一个混乱的社会上，一个仅十余岁的小孩见到了太多，一个小孩的眼里怎么能容这么多沙子，如果稍有不慎，也会堕落到这些肮脏龌龊的娱乐中去，可是这是阿廖沙所读过的大量书籍拉住了他，他明白善恶美丑，只不过一步之遥，一失足可成千古恨。
在无法抗拒的压力下，人们似乎只能选择堕落，就在看不到希望的地方，分明有一双犀利的双眼，探寻着智慧的光芒。那就是主人公渴望出路与改变的双眼，他生活在他们中间，独立着，总是以旁观者的角度区揣测生活的意义，他的思想被书引领着，生活在另一个广阔而自由的天地。
我佩服高尔基的毅力和恒心，在如此艰苦的条件下仍手不释卷，不理会别人的反对而作自己认为对的事。因为他经历了许多，也阅读了许多，包括生活这本难“啃”的书。
生活中，我们时时刻刻要保持一颗学习的心，读书能使我们的专业得以成长，读书可以开阔视野，激发情感，让我们拒绝平庸：读书可以优化人生层次，提高生存质量，升华人生目标，使我们的人生更加精彩。
鸟欲高飞先振翅，人求上进先读书，读书是快乐的，读书之乐，乐在开阔眼界，眼界有多大，世界就有多大。没有牢固的专业知识，怎能去做好自己的专业，没有常流常新的知识，如何全心全意的为我们的工作服务，没有丰富的业余知识，如何经营你的梦想人生？
桌上打开的是人生，窗外流失的是岁月，人生在一步一步走下去，但那读书积淀下来的知识，却能不断增加生命的厚度，延生生命的长度。
如今，我已经踏上工作岗位，学好自己的专业知识是基本，要提升自己，跟上这个时代的步伐必须要学习。一个人，不可能永葆青春，但需要焕发光彩，这种光彩需要来源于你的内心，来源于你的生活。所以，让我们学习吧，不需要才华横溢，只要一路前行！

20210614
世界经典文学名著《动物庄园》全英文版

《ANIMAL FARM  》George Orwell

Chapter Three&Chapter Four P24-39（因为全英版本，加上自己翻译，所以看得慢。）

主要内容：

第三章主要讲述动物们收割牧草，集体劳动;成立读书班，普及教育;建立国防，预备其他庄园的进攻;建造风车，改善民生。这一系列的经济、教育、军事举动，促进了庄园的繁荣和发展。动物庄园在庄园界的地位逐渐上升，并被认可，乃至人们习惯称之为动物庄园。

第四章主要讲述动物庄园所发生的事在全国迅速传播开来。曼纳庄园（也就是现在的动物庄园）前主人Mr. John带一批人回来抢夺庄园，因为动物们已经做好准备，所以把Mr.John打得落花流水，狼狈逃跑。这次战争动物们命名为“牛棚战役”（The Battle of Cowshed）在这次战役中一头羊牺牲了，并被动物们称为“英雄”，动物们还给它厚葬。

信笺：

1.这个社会上有两种人，一种是勤奋的人，另外一种是懒惰的人。

《Animal Farm》ChapterThree里面提到的一匹拉货车的马Boxer就是勤奋的。他比任何动物都要勤奋工作，每天晚上农场里剩下的工作都落在他的肩上，他都任劳任怨。而且，为了多干活，他还吩咐小公鸡早上要比别人提前半个小时叫醒他。他把“我会更加努力工作的！”作为自己的座右铭。我想到了一句话：最可怕的不是很多人比你牛，而是比你牛的人比你还努力！

书签：His answer to every problem, every setback, was “ I  will work harder！  ” ——Which he had adopted as his personal motto.

同样是《Animal Farm  》ChapterThree里面还提到一只猫，每次需要干活时候她总会不见了；每次吃饭时候，就会踩点出现。每次都会一大堆借口。

总结：不为失败找理由，只为成功找方法。

2.当一个人的权利欲望不断膨胀时候，就会以权谋私，满嘴谎言。比ChapterThree里面提到大家辛苦工作，而猪作为监督者管理者自己却偷偷吃了牛奶和其他果实。当被别人揭穿时候，他光冕堂皇解释道：“牛奶和果实对大脑很好。整个农场的管理组织都要靠我们，我们日日夜夜守护你们的福利。为了你们着想，我才吃那些东西的！难道你们想Mr.John回来吗？！”

3.牛棚战役中动物们那一战打得太漂亮了，各自使出各自的看家本领。Mr.John回去抢夺回来有点类似古代的“反清复明”，一个暴君被推翻了，不能顺应民心，再次想要卷土重来，那是不可能的。长江后浪推前浪，只能一步步往前走。

书签：

War is war. The only good human being is a dead one.

Four legs good,  two legs bad.