01通用写作方法

1）把真题范文、模拟冲刺范文视作一个核心资源库，学习掌握所有动词句型结构。熟练背诵后学会写长句的感觉

2）熟练掌握开头、结尾的基本方法和各种类型段落的写作要点。

3）熟练掌一些谚语警句。

02写作的注意事项

1．使用了正确的语法结构，比方说，动词时态一致、主谓一致、用词准确（尤其是名词、动词、形容词）、冠词错误和介词错误。

2．句式有变化: 定语从句，状语从句，强调句，被动句等优先考虑。尤其“四大句型”。

3．使用了一定的词汇量。

4．拼写没有错误。

5．在每段的主题句中都表明了这个段落的中 心思想，所有扩展句都紧扣主题。

6．使用了过渡性词语，因而句子之间和段落 之间都有逻辑性和条理性。

7．每一段话都得到充分的展开。

8．提供了足够的细节、例子或推理性论据。

9．明确的观点。

10 . 注意书法；尽可能不要分字；写大概10至12个字一行，这样可限制自己字体不会太大，字与字之间的空位也不会太大，而且数字时也比较方便；尽量选择粗线条的原子笔和蓝色墨水。心理学来说，较粗的笔迹令人有较深的印象，但不可太粗，而蓝色令人看得舒服和轻松。

11.审题时候认真思考，不要立即进入写作，找出自己的文章思路非常关键。

12.标点符号绝不能用错，少用感叹号（！）和问号（？），注意中英文逗号的区分用法。中国学生应学会使用两种标点（破折号+冒号），尤其对主题句有用。

03书面语使用连词和副词短语

表次序和时间：

first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), first of all, next, finally, eventually, meanwhile, gradually, step by step, in the future, in the past, recently, currently, first and foremost, then, last of all, eventually, lastly, last but not least, for one thing, one the one hand…on the other hand; before, since, as, until, meanwhile, at the moment, whenever, as soon as, just as

表程度和附加：

severely, seriously, heavily, strongly, possibly, perhaps, probably, likely, obviously, apparently, seemingly, unknowingly, maybe, as well, may as well, rarely, hardly, seldom, also, in addition, furthermore, moreover, besides(书面语中最好少用what is more), except for , apart from, as well as, as mentioned above(earlier), including

表相似或相反:

similarly, in the same way, as well as, again, both, neither, although, be that as it may, but, even though, however, in contrast, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, yet, in spite of , despite, whereas, in other words, it seems that, it appears that, otherwise, while, whereas, whilst

表总结和结束:

to conclude, all in all, in conclusion, to sum up, in a word, in brief, on the whole, in summary, by and large, in general

结果、目的和推论：

in order to(that), so…that, too…to, so that, so as to, enough to, and so, because of this, as a consequence, consequently, as a result, for this reason, hence, therefore, thereby, so, thus

表强调或更差:

as known to all, as we all know, it is generallypublicly known that…, not only…but (also), it is…that, above all, especially, in particular, indeed, most importantly, the most important is…, surely, equally important is…, more importantly, more centrally, worse, making matters worse, to make it worse, more worryingly

表举例：

for example, for instance, take…as an example, one such example is…, take… as an instance, such as, like…, as Newton put it, as a proverb says, as a saying goes, just aslike, namely, to illustrate; a case in point goes to…

表表原因或方式：

because (of), for, since, as, due to, thanks to, in terms of, in light of(=according to) in the way that…, by means of, via, through, by, with(out), according to, lead to, give rise to, contribute to, attribute a to b, conform to, abide by, concerning, as regards, with regard to, in this regard, the reason why, in other words, owing to, as concernings, considering that, thanks to, A meanscausesincursentailsprecedes B

以上各类短语一种记一到两个就可以了，能够替换着用。

04文章结构

内容第一位、语言第二位、结构第三位：

1.大量使用不同主语：

1) (Self-dependence) is significant.

2) I maintain that independence is vital.

3) It is crucial.

4) (Being independent) is essential.

5) (To be self-dependent) is of great importance.It is of great importance (to be self-dependent).

6) (That we should depend on ourselves) is of utmost significance. It is of utmost significance (that we should depend on ourselves).

2.大量使用被动语态

3. 大量使用主系表结构

4.大量使用定语状语：

1）形容词、副词：

2）词组：

a great many students

the majority of students

3）不定式：

a student (to crack CET-4)

4）介词短语：a student (in NOS)

5）分词短语：

（1）现在分词短语： a student (being 20)

（2）过去分词短语：a student (born in Beijing)

6）从句：定语从句、状语从句

5. 大量使用精彩词组:

universally acknowledge

6. 大量使用精彩句型：

It is universally acknowledged that … （Pride and Prejudice）

7. 大量使用精彩从句：

便条1-3个，作文5-7个。定语、状语、宾语从句；主语、表语、同位语从句。

8、大量使用不同时态：

一般现在、现在进行、现在完成、一般过去、一般将来。

05七大亮点设置

（一）活用词汇：

1、Natural disasters claim hundreds of lives every year.

2、I do appreciate your efforts.

3、Once in front of me, lay a real chance. Yet, I did not value it. Not until the moment I lost it, did I realize how regretful I was. If God gave me another opportunity, I would never stop making progress.

4、I sat outside in the hall. Everything inside me has gone away. I didn’t think. I could not think. I knew she was leaving me, but I prayed she not. (Ernest Hemingway: The Sun Also Rises)

（二）平行排比：

A culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared

（三）术语表达：

environmental protection/awareness

1.保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance

2.可持续发展战略 sustainable development strategy

3.节能 save the energy

4.减排（减少温室气体排放） reduce the emission of greenhouse gases

5.温室效应 greenhouse effect

6.清洁可再生能源 clean renewable energy

7.低碳经济 low carbon economy

8.沙尘暴 sandstorm

9.雪灾 snowstorm

10.台风 typhoon

11. 沙丘 sand dune/hill

12. 滥砍滥伐 deforestation, clear-cutting

13. 沙漠化 desertification

14. 水土流失 water and soil erosion

15. 破坏性灾难性地震 destructive and disastrous earthquake

（四）词组运用：

with due consideration of, take into account/consideration

（五）句型框架：

（1）只有这样下岗工人才能彻底摆脱贫困并且重新获得他们生命中的尊严。

Only in this way can laid-off workers completely shrug off poverty and regain their dignity in life.

（2）总而言之，只有长期学习才有助于你掌握大的词汇量。

In conclusion, it is persistent work that is conducive to your grasping a large/considerable vocabulary.

（3）考虑到上述所有论证，政府早就该实行改革把传统教育模式转变为素质教育。

Given all the above arguments, it is high time that the authorities enforced reforms to convert traditional education strategy into education for all-round development/quality-oriented education.

（六）名人名言：

As John F. Kennedy put it, “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.”

As John Adams said, “ United we stand, divided we fall”.

（七）英语谚语：

1、Just as an old saying goes, “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.”

2、Just as an old saying goes, “God only helps those who help themselves.”

06一些好用的词组句式

熟练掌握一些常用的词组句式：

Play a pivotal role in --- (在---中起关键作用)

Expand one’s outlook ( 开阔视野，代替horizon)

Remove the barrier for (为了---消除障碍)

Be monotonous and unmotivating ( 单调而且无法给人动力的)

Spin out of control (失去控制的)

Be overly dependent on ( 对-----过度依赖)

Have detrimental influence upon （对----有坏的影响）

Is markedly incompatible with (与---明显不协调)

-----is the cornerstone of –（----的基石）

Sth is in the best interest of someone（做某事符合---的利益）

A can be attributable to B ( A 可以归因于B，B 是事情发生的reason)

Be afflicted with (遭受) 代替suffer from

Copy sth mechanically , apply sth with sth (对---机械照搬)

Be saturated with sth （充斥着）

Run contrary to （ 与---背道而驰）

A is characterized by (A 的特征是)

A constitutes ( A 构成了)

This trend is not restricted to (这个现象不仅仅局限在)

Be interrelated and interdependent （相互联系，相互依赖）

Be not mutually exclusive (两者并不排斥)

Sth is of overriding importance (至关重要) =It is imperative that

Sth should be condemned rather than condoned. (某事应该被谴责而不是被宽恕)

Hinge on (取决于 eg. Success of such efforts hinges on contribution from the authorities)

The proportion of ( ) is very high (…..的比例很高)