Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens’, is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in 18th century. The author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to expose the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London. The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of poverty and crime. He suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. While reading the tragic experiences of the little Oliver, I was shocked by his sufferings. I felt for the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill. To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered devil and Oliver lived a happy life in the end. One of the plots that attracted me most is that after the theft, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs. Maylie and Rose and began a new life. He went for walks with them, or Rose read to him, and he worked hard at his lessons. He felt as if he had left behind forever the world of crime and hardship and poverty. How can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive affliction remain pure in body and mind? The reason is the nature of goodness. I think it is the most important information implied in the novel by Dickens-he believed that goodness could conquer every difficulty. Although I don’t think goodness is omnipotent, yet I do believe that those who are kind-hearted live more happily than those who are evil-minded. For me, the nature of goodness is one of the most necessary character for a person. Goodness is to humans what water is to fish. He who is without goodness is an utterly worthless person. On the contrary, as the famous saying goes, ‘The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose’, he who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person. People receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do good to both the people he has helped and himself. To my disappointment, nowadays some people seem to doubt the existence of the goodness in humanity. They look down on people’s honesty and kindness, thinking it foolish of people to be warm-hearted. As a result, they show no sympathy to those who are in trouble and seldom offer to help others. On the other hand, they attach importance to money and benefit. In their opinion, money is the only real object while emotions and morality are nihility. If they cannot get profit from showing their ‘kindness’, they draw back when others are faced with trouble and even hit a man when he is down. They are one of the sorts that I really detest. Francis Bacon said in his essay, ‘Goodness, of all virtues and dignities of the mind, is the greatest, being the character of the Deity, and without it, man is a busy, mischievous, wretched thing, no better than a kind of vermin.’ That is to say a person without goodness is destined to lose everything. Therefore, I, a kind person, want to tell those ‘vermin-to-be’ to learn from the kind Oliver and regain the nature of goodness

Frankenstein is enormously important as a prototype for science fiction and as an early feminist work.
Background of Frankenstein
Mary Shelley was born in 18th-century London to two influential writers. Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, was a radical feminist who died after giving birth to Mary, and her father, William Godwin, raised her alone.
Mary left home at 16, married Percy Shelley after his first wife's suicide, and wrote Frankenstein in a writer's challenge from Lord Byron in 1816-1817. The story, based on a horrendous vision, was composed during sweeping life changes. Frankenstein was published anonymously in 1818. However, the story is enduring in its psychological drama, questions asked, and memorable characterizations. The story has adapted to many forms, with each adaptation telling a very different version of Shelley's original tale.
Frankenstein is an advisory notice done up in gothic costume, warning post-industrial society about the explosion of scientific knowledge and its potential misapplication and the subsequent dehumanization of mankind. Much as the silent sci-fi film Metropolis warned of the need for labor unions, Frankenstein warned of the need for considered action in the use of knowledge, and the alienation in store for driven knowledge seekers. In Frankenstein, Shelley asks who exactly the real monster is.
About the Novel: Frankenstein
In the beginning, Dr. Frankenstein is rescued from an ice flow in the sea near the North Pole. Chased through the Arctic by his Creature, Victor Frankenstein is saved by Captain Walton, who listens to the tale of the quest for knowledge--all gone wrong. Victor describes his childhood as a paradise, where his mother and father indulged him. But, his parents also failed to teach him reality, cause-and-effect, or the principles of respect. With these deficiencies, he considered his adopted sister Elizabeth a possession that he married to own.
Elizabeth could not help Victor overcome his addiction to creating a superhuman species. Victor achieved the goal of his addiction and was subsequently repulsed by it. Elizabeth was quite literally killed by his addiction as Victor's Creature destroyed everything that was dear to him. His parents had abandoned his soul in their enabling, and he abandoned his own creation without a name and without a thought.
Frankenstein reveals three generations of monsters--personified in Victor's mother, Victor, and the Creature. In addition, Elizabeth was reduced to monster status in her treatment as an object, and Mary Shelley herself was a monster (an educated feminist) who could not put her name to her own work.
Victor, the Creature, and Mary Shelley were all different from the mainstream society that rejected them as monstrous: a radical scientist, an inhuman creation, and a feminist without a mother. Victor lost everyone of value, Shelley lost her mother at birth, and the Creature could not fit in anywhere. The Creature's abandonment by parent and society is similar to that of the feminist for over two centuries. Feminists were scorned and abandoned as they obtained knowledge and subsequent power to participate more fully in societies. As portrayed in Katja von Garnier's 2004 film Iron Jawed Angels, feminists were attacked, beaten, and shunned, just as was the Creature in Frankenstein. Shelley must have felt such abandonment and rejection, considering that her father educated her extensively, but she could not sign her own book.

《弗兰肯斯坦》读后感
《弗兰肯斯坦》是英国诗人雪莱的妻子玛丽•雪莱在1818年创作的小说，被认为是世界上第一部真正意义上的科幻小说。190多年来，这部由仅19岁的少女创作的恐怖小说，被多次改编成电影和戏剧，并被译成百余种文字广为流传。小说揭示了作者的哲学观点。她认为人具有双重性格——善与恶。长期受人嫌恶、岐视和迫害会使人变得邪恶而干出种种坏事，甚至发展到不可收拾的地步。它还为英语添加了一个新的单词Frankerstein，一个最终毁了它的创造者的东西。　　瑞士贵族弗兰肯斯坦，曾留学德国，研究电化学和生命，发现了死亡的秘密，于是决定着手制造生命。他先从尸体中寻找材料，然后进行组装，最后借助电化学方法予以激活。但是，本来全都是由好材料制造的、高达8 英尺的怪物在被赋予了生命之后，却变得奇丑无比，弗兰肯斯坦被吓得昏了过去，醒来之后发现怪物已经失踪。
　　怪物刚刚诞生时还是十分热爱这个世界的，他躲藏在山里并学会了使用火，并遇到隐居在山中的一位盲爷爷和一对青年男女，由此受到感动，开始热爱人类社会。怪物白天趁青年男女外出时偷偷帮助盲爷爷打柴，并偷出书来自学了阿拉伯语和法语等各种语言，阅读了《少年维特之烦恼》等大量文学和哲学名著，于是开始渴望艺术和爱情。但他同时又十分感慨自己现在的情况，认为“撒旦才代表我目前的处境”，强烈地希望能够改变现状。于是怪物潜入这一家中，发现只有盲爷爷在家，便与之海阔天空地聊了起来；怪物说自己是一个被遗弃的可怜人，没有亲人，也没有朋友。老人安慰怪物说，他们可以成为怪物的朋友。怪物开心得哭了起来。这时青年男女突然归来，小伙子气愤地把他打出门去。尽管凭怪物的力气，完全可以打倒小伙子，但怪物并没有还手，只是抱着头，逃回了自己的住处。这严重地伤害了怪物的自尊心，他冷静后想到，自己与其向别人求情，还不如去找缔造者。但它刚一出现在大街上，就受到了很多人的打骂，屡屡遭到大家的厌恶和恐惧。他看到一个小女孩落水，不顾性命的将小女孩救上来，女孩的父亲却误以为他要伤害女孩，就朝他开枪。怪物终于丧失了最后一丝善良，认为这一切都来源于它的制造者。
　　从此阴影便开始笼罩在了弗兰肯斯坦身上。怪物遇到了弗兰肯斯坦的弟弟威廉，本来想趁他还小，不懂得恐惧时，和他交朋友。但威廉害怕怪物，拒绝与他交朋友。并告诉怪物自己的哥哥就是弗兰肯斯坦。这激起了怪物的报复欲。他杀死了威廉。怪物走到一个屋子里，发现弗兰肯斯坦家的女仆贾斯汀正在睡觉。他憎恨贾斯汀的美丽，将威廉的项链放在了贾斯汀的身上。贾斯汀作为杀害威廉的嫌犯被捕。弗兰肯斯坦回来后，发现这些都是怪物所为。他本来不担心对贾斯汀的审判，但审判却对贾斯汀非常不利。法官最终判处贾斯汀死刑。弗兰肯斯坦找到法官，告诉他一切都是怪物所为。但法官认为这是弗兰肯斯坦为救贾斯汀编出来的故事。贾斯汀被执行死刑。弗兰肯斯坦看到自己视为亲姐姐的贾斯汀临刑前没有一丝畏惧，痛悔自己造出了怪物，害了自己最亲的两个人。于是开始了对怪物的追逐，一直追到阿尔卑斯山上。在阿尔卑斯山，怪物向弗兰肯斯坦倾诉自己的遭遇。他认为自己没有受到公平的待遇，得不到异性的爱。也就得不到幸福“我要获得一切”。他要求弗兰肯斯坦再为它造一个女人，然后两人一同远离人世。
　　弗兰肯斯坦开始同意了。但他仍然是矛盾的，有时一连工作很多天，希望快点完工。有时又好多天不去实验室。害怕这个工程完工。在造好通电的那一刹那，他突然产生了犹豫：如果它们真的恋爱繁衍，又会给人类带来多么大的麻烦？如果女怪物也是邪恶的，那怎么办？于是他马上毁掉了女怪物。怪物看到这一切后暴跳如雷，对人类社会和自己的前途彻底绝望。并发誓要让弗兰肯斯坦付出代价。他杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的好友，又在婚礼上杀死了弗兰肯斯坦挚爱的新娘——伊丽莎白。而这时弗兰肯斯坦也愤怒了，两人开始了互相追杀，一直追逐到北极。最终弗兰肯斯坦冻累而死，而怪物也自杀了。怪物临死前抱怨，自己想获得朋友，却总是被人们所误会。尤其是弗兰肯斯坦，拒绝为自己制造一个妻子，但却想通过结婚，从伊丽莎白那获得幸福。这不公平。但自己为自己做的邪恶的事情后悔，并决定自杀结束一切罪恶。
　　这个悲伤的故事，让人感慨良多。一切悲剧的根源，就是人们的歧视。人们的歧视，将原本善良的怪物，变得邪恶，变成魔鬼。其实世间许多悲剧，都是歧视造成的。希特勒歧视犹太人，引发了第二次世界大战。巴以冲突的根源，也在于宗教冲突引发的文化歧视。美国对黑人的歧视，使黑人民权运动至今不歇。人类如果不学会爱，不抛弃歧视，不学会在这个星球上和平共处，那弗兰肯斯坦的悲剧还会继续上演。只有人们都以宽容、理性的态度对待世界，抛弃歧视的有色眼镜，这个世界才会更加美丽。
　　还有任何理由均不是作恶的理由。怪物受到许多伤害，可这能成为他作恶的理由吗？贾斯汀、威廉、伊利莎白，他们都是无辜的。他们并没有参与对怪物的伤害，怎么应该承担这样残酷的后果呢？以前看电视，有一句经典台词：“你爱的人很冷淡的对你，你的心会痛是不是？如果伤害你爱的人，可以让痛苦减轻，那你就没有爱别人的资格。”人生必然会遇到许多挫折、不如意，但这决不是作恶，堕落的理由。好多罪犯，都是因为受到伤害，而报复社会。在这个过程中，也毁灭了自己。“一切罪恶，均不能以罪恶去消灭。”只有爱与宽恕，才是让世界更美丽的良方。
　　但愿悲哀、歧视、伤害这些词语永远在这个世界上消失，一直到我们想不到、找不到他们为止。

Frankenstein is enormously important as a prototype for science fiction and as an early feminist work.
Background of Frankenstein
Mary Shelley was born in 18th-century London to two influential writers. Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, was a radical feminist who died after giving birth to Mary, and her father, William Godwin, raised her alone.
Mary left home at 16, married Percy Shelley after his first wife's suicide, and wrote Frankenstein in a writer's challenge from Lord Byron in 1816-1817. The story, based on a horrendous vision, was composed during sweeping life changes. Frankenstein was published anonymously in 1818. However, the story is enduring in its psychological drama, questions asked, and memorable characterizations. The story has adapted to many forms, with each adaptation telling a very different version of Shelley's original tale.
Frankenstein is an advisory notice done up in gothic costume, warning post-industrial society about the explosion of scientific knowledge and its potential misapplication and the subsequent dehumanization of mankind. Much as the silent sci-fi film Metropolis warned of the need for labor unions, Frankenstein warned of the need for considered action in the use of knowledge, and the alienation in store for driven knowledge seekers. In Frankenstein, Shelley asks who exactly the real monster is.
About the Novel: Frankenstein
In the beginning, Dr. Frankenstein is rescued from an ice flow in the sea near the North Pole. Chased through the Arctic by his Creature, Victor Frankenstein is saved by Captain Walton, who listens to the tale of the quest for knowledge--all gone wrong. Victor describes his childhood as a paradise, where his mother and father indulged him. But, his parents also failed to teach him reality, cause-and-effect, or the principles of respect. With these deficiencies, he considered his adopted sister Elizabeth a possession that he married to own.
Elizabeth could not help Victor overcome his addiction to creating a superhuman species. Victor achieved the goal of his addiction and was subsequently repulsed by it. Elizabeth was quite literally killed by his addiction as Victor's Creature destroyed everything that was dear to him. His parents had abandoned his soul in their enabling, and he abandoned his own creation without a name and without a thought.
Frankenstein reveals three generations of monsters--personified in Victor's mother, Victor, and the Creature. In addition, Elizabeth was reduced to monster status in her treatment as an object, and Mary Shelley herself was a monster (an educated feminist) who could not put her name to her own work.
Victor, the Creature, and Mary Shelley were all different from the mainstream society that rejected them as monstrous: a radical scientist, an inhuman creation, and a feminist without a mother. Victor lost everyone of value, Shelley lost her mother at birth, and the Creature could not fit in anywhere. The Creature's abandonment by parent and society is similar to that of the feminist for over two centuries. Feminists were scorned and abandoned as they obtained knowledge and subsequent power to participate more fully in societies. As portrayed in Katja von Garnier's 2004 film Iron Jawed Angels, feminists were attacked, beaten, and shunned, just as was the Creature in Frankenstein. Shelley must have felt such abandonment and rejection, considering that her father educated her extensively, but she could not sign her own book.

百度百科里有：
《弗兰肯斯坦》是英国诗人雪莱的妻子玛丽·雪莱在1818年创作的小说，被认为是世界第一部真正意义上的科幻小说。“弗兰肯斯坦”是小说中那个疯狂科学家的名字，他用许多碎尸块拼接成一个“人”，并用电将其激活。《弗兰肯斯坦》已经成为科幻史上的经典，现在很多幻想类影视作品中经常出现这个怪物的翻版。
弗兰肯斯坦
【故事缩写】
夜黑如墨。科学家弗兰肯斯坦坐在一个插满了各种导线的男人人体前。这是一具用基因技术合成的举世无双的人体，它的相貌英俊、体格健壮，没有一丝缺陷，是个 “完人”。但是，到现在为止，它还只是一具没有生命的人体，它的创造者弗兰肯斯坦在静静等待着，等待着来自天空的雷电赐予它生命。
一道蛇形闪电从天而降，随后是“轰隆隆”惊天动地的雷声和倾盆大雨。闪电准确无误地击中了人体，在电光中，弗兰肯斯坦看见人体直身坐了起来，然而他的脸上、身上、四肢的皮肤都龟裂开来，沟壑万千－－－雷击在赐予人体生命的同时，也把他变成了一个奇丑无比的怪物。
“爸爸－－－”怪物向弗兰肯斯坦伸出了双手。然而，心情复杂的弗兰肯斯坦却把他赶出了门，赶到了暴雨倾盆的荒野上－－－弗兰肯斯坦为自己像上帝一样成功地创造了生命而高兴，但怪物的丑陋又激起了他内心的厌恶感，所以他把怪物赶走了！
怪物从此孤独地在山野间游荡。他虽然形容丑陋，但心地却非常善良，常常暗中帮人类做好事。在山间的一座小木屋里，住着一个盲人老头和他的两个女儿。一天清晨，怪物乘盲人儿女都不在的时候闯进了小木屋里，与盲人聊了起来，并倾诉了自己内心与人交往的渴望……就在怪物与盲人谈得非常投机的时候，盲人的两个女儿回来了，她们看见怪物吓得晕倒在地，盲人的女婿闻身赶来，用棍子把怪物赶跑。
又一天清晨，有个男孩不小心落水了，怪物听见呼救赶到，将男孩救起。就在这时，许多人来了，他们以为怪物要杀死落水男孩，便群起围攻他，怪物只好抱着男孩逃跑，由于他力大无穷，不小心把男孩给掐死了……
怪物知道人类社会既不可能原谅他的失手，也不可能接纳他，便找到了他的造物主－－－弗兰肯斯坦博士，请求博士为他再造一个女性伴侣。怪物保证一旦他有了伴侣，将带着她躲到茫茫丛林中，再也不打扰人类社会。弗兰肯斯坦从大局考虑，答应了他的要求，投入了研究。但是，就在他即将成功的那天晚上，弗兰肯斯坦产生了一个担心：女怪物如果被制造出来的话，会不会比男怪物更凶恶？万一她不喜欢男怪物而离开的话，男怪物会不会更孤单，更加恼怒，最后迁怒于人类？如果这两个怪物真的结合了，那么怪物的种族将会在地球上繁衍，人类的生存是否会因此受到威胁？……一种犯罪感涌上博士的心头，在雷击到来之前，他捣毁了女怪物。
怪物彻底绝望了，他愤怒地向博士发起了报复，制造了一起又一起谋杀，将博士的妻子、女儿及其他亲人置于死地。为了制止怪物继续行凶，弗兰肯斯坦开始追踪怪物。怪物也向北逃窜。弗兰肯斯坦追怪物一直追到了北极茫茫冰原。他没有追上怪物，自己却心力交瘁离开了人世。
怪物失去了对手，跳进了冰海自杀了。他将和他的造物主一起上天堂还是下地狱呢？没有人知道。
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《弗兰肯斯坦》的全名是《弗兰肯斯坦——现代普罗米修斯的故事》（中译本有《弗兰肯斯坦》《人造人的故事》等），讲述了一名科学家利用死人器官拼凑出一个怪物的故事，而怪物因得不到社会的理解和同情，最终走上了弑主愤世的毁灭道路。
按照我国著名科幻作家吴岩的分析，《弗兰肯斯坦》有如下特征：
一、是一部以哥特式传统创作的感伤主义文学作品。
哥特式小说流行于18世纪，内容多为恐怖、暴力、神怪以及对中世纪生活的向往，因其情节多发生在荒凉阴暗的哥特式古堡（流行于18世纪英国的一种建筑形式，类似教堂）里而得名；故事充满悬念，以毁灭为结局；有许多同类的著名作品。感伤主义则指工业革命后、法国大革命前的一种文学流派，主要特点是作家以感情和仁爱代替理性作为批判的工具，主要是歌颂善良、同情、忘我无私以及合乎自然，但其塑造的人物有些迂腐和天真。
二、人物发展有着极为清晰的轨迹。
在作品中，作者所塑造的怪物本来心地善良，乐于助人，最后却发展为一个社会秩序的破坏者，变成了一个地地道道的魔鬼，但即便如此却仍保有一定的良知；而弗兰肯斯坦本人开始认为自己的行为没有任何错误，后来逐渐变得内疚，最后终于勇于承担责任，与怪物进行决斗。此后的科幻作家们——包括如凡尔纳和威尔斯 ——在这点上都不如玛丽·雪莱。
三、采用了书信体和记叙体相穿插的形式，因而使形式不致过于单调。
书信体是当时较为流行的一种文学创作手法。
四、主题深刻，表达了作者对科学技术引进人类社会的一种忧虑。
科技发展使人类社会和人类本身都感到应接不暇，怪物在某种意义上正代表着正在发展和渗透进人类社会的科学技术。我们可以看到，作者忧虑的心情充分表现于作品，阴郁的情调贯穿全书，并投射入文字当中。比如作品中的四次暴风雨，正是预示着变革的来临。读罢整部作品，我们会发现作者有一种非常紧张、躁动的心情。
《弗兰肯斯坦》梗概
作品以四封信为开篇。
这些信件叙述了作者在北极探险时所遇到的一个怪人讲述的故事。
原来，这个人是瑞士贵族弗兰肯斯坦，他曾留学德国，研究电化学和生命，发现了死亡的秘密，于是决定着手制造生命。他先从尸体中寻找材料，然后进行组装，最后借助电化学方法予以激活。但是，本来全都是由好材料制造的、高达8 英尺的怪物在被赋予了生命之后，却变得奇丑无比，弗兰肯斯坦被吓得昏了过去，醒来之后发现怪物已经失踪。
其实怪物刚刚诞生时还是十分热爱这个世界的，他躲藏在山里并学会了使用火，并遇到隐居在山中的一位盲爷爷和一对青年男女，由此受到感动，开始热爱人类社会。怪物白天趁青年男女外出时偷偷帮助盲爷爷打柴，并偷出书来自学了阿拉伯语和法语等各种语言，阅读了《少年维特之烦恼》等大量文学和哲学名著，于是开始渴望艺术和爱情。但他同时又十分感慨自己现在的情况，认为“撒旦才代表我目前的处境”，强烈地希望能够改变现状。于是怪物潜入这一家中，发现只有盲爷爷在家，便与之海阔天空地聊了起来；这时青年男女突然归来，小伙子气愤地把它打出门去。这严重地伤害了怪物的自尊心，他冷静后想到，自己与其向别人求情，还不如去找缔造者。但它刚一出现在大街上，就受到了很多人的打骂，屡屡遭到大家的厌恶和恐惧，甚至有人朝它开枪。怪物终于丧失了最后一丝善良，认为这一切都来源于它的制造者。
从此阴影便开始笼罩在了弗兰肯斯坦身上。怪物杀死了他的弟弟，又嫁祸于女仆。弗兰肯斯坦赶到现场后，终于发现这些都系怪物所为，于是开始了对怪物的追逐，一直追到阿尔卑斯山上。怪物认为自己没有受到公平的待遇，得不到异性的爱。“我要获得一切”。因此它要求弗兰肯斯坦再为它造一个女人，然后两人一同远离人世。
弗兰肯斯坦开始同意了，但在造好通电的那一刹那，他突然产生了犹豫：如果它们真的恋爱繁衍，又会给人类带来多么大的麻烦？于是他马上毁掉了女怪物。怪物看到这一切后暴跳如雷，对人类社会和自己的前途彻底绝望，杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的好友，又在婚礼上杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的新娘。而这时弗兰肯斯坦也愤怒了，两人开始了互相追杀，一直追逐到北极……
最后的结局是，造物主弗兰肯斯坦在对作者讲述完这一切后终于死去，而这时从远方走来一个大个子，爬在放弗兰肯斯坦尸体的雪橇上忏悔，然后声称报仇结束，义无反顾地走向冰原……