一． 书信(感谢、道歉、建议、求职/离职、申请、投诉、倡议、询问、慰问、推荐)

1. 格式

称呼：位于作文第一行，顶格写，后面加逗号。

不知道对方姓名、职位等信息时称呼可以用 Dear Sir or Madam, 或To Whom It May Concern； 知道对方的身份或姓名时，称呼可以用Dear Mr./Mrs. + 姓， 或Dear+ 职位,如：Dear Professor, Dear Mr. Smith, ; 如果是给熟悉的人则可以用Dear + 名， 如：Dear Jim/Betty.

正文：可采用齐头式，即每一段每一行都顶格写。或者采用缩进式，即每段首行缩进四个字母。

结束语：位于正文右下角，第一个单词的首字母要大写，后面要加逗号。常用结束语有：

Yours,/Yours truly, / Yours sincerely, 等

署名：位于结束语下方。考研作文不允许署真名，题目中一般要求签名为“Li Ming”或”Zhang Wei”。

2. 篇章结构

第一段：表明身份，写信目的（1-2句）。

第二段：针对题目中的要求进行写作（描述事情的经过、缘由、以及提出的建议）（3-4句）。

第三段：表示感谢、期待回信或表达希望。（1-2句）

范文一：

Dear President,

Being a senior student in this university, I am writing this letter with the hope of improving the students’ physical condition, as a growing number of students are getting much fatter, according to the latest survey.

Here are some suggestions I would like to put forward. First of all , greater attention should be attached to the physical condition of college students, and I hope you could play a vital role in spreading such an idea. Mean while, more sport apparatus and sport fields may be needed, as more students have enrolled in this great university year by year.

I do hope you can take the above suggestions into consideration and thanks in advance.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

范文二：

Dear Mr. Smith,

On behalf of the Student Union, I am sending this e-mail to you to invite you to act as our judge of English speech contest to be held in our university on June 5.

To be more specific, our contest is on the topic of how to embrace tough challenges in this digital era. During this competition, ten participants will deliver their speeches with respect to this topic. It is widely acknowledged that you are a top expert in this field, so we sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation. For further information, please call me at 9999999.

We are looking forward to your reply and arrival.

Yours truly,

Zhang Wei

二． 备忘录

1. 格式

备忘录主要由两部分组成，一是信头，包括To, From, Subject, Date， 信头部分需要顶格写; 二是正文部分，一般用缩进式，即每段首行缩进四个字母。

2. 篇章结构

第一段：第一句话交待目的，简明扼要、准确清楚地交代事情或要通知的信息。

第二段：一句总结，强调对方要尽快做出回应。

范文一.

To : Staff

From: John Smith

Date: May 1st, 2021

Subject: the modification for existing promotional mode

I’m writing this letter to inform you that we are scheduled to modify our company’s existing chief promotional mode. The poor performance resulting from newspapers and magazines we previously employed to advertise our products, coupled with the mounting competitive pressure from our rivals in the market, has forced us to make some changes. As from next Monday, the Internet will serve as the main promotional channel to boost our items’ sales. Plus, a string of advertising campaigns will be launched in a bid to lure consumers.

If you need further information, please call me as soon as possible.

三． 通知

1. 格式：

通知一般由三部分组成：标题，正文和落款。标题位于正文上方居中，正文每段首行一般缩进四个字母，落款不可用真名，题目中会提供落款名称。

2. 篇章结构

第一段：表明通知的事项、目的，可以在本段写明相关活动的时间（1-2句）。

第二段：详情（根据题目中的要求写）（3-4句）。

第三段：联系方式（1-2句）

范文一．

Notice

In an effort to better students’ ability and enrich their extracurricular activities, the Postgraduates’ Association is recruiting volunteers for an international conference on globalization to be held from June 4th to 7th in Peking University.

First of all, applicants should be easy-going and have a cheerful personality. In addition, candidates must have outstanding skills at English listening comprehension and the ability to speak both Chinese and English fluently. Finally, students with relevant professional knowledge are preferred.

Those postgraduates who are interested in taking part in it may send your resume to …… before June 1st. Your applications are welcome.

Postgraduates’ Association

范文二.

Notice

Welcome to our university ! As a librarian, I would like to provide you with some detailed information about our library.

The University library opens at 8 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends. Secondly, if you need to borrow books, bring your student card and register first at the librarian’s office. At most six books can be borrowed once from the library. But keep in mind that you can keep the books you borrow just one week. If you exceed the limited time, some fine should be paid.

If you have any questions about borrowing or returning books, send an e-mail to ……. We sincerely hope you all enjoy the study and life in our university.

Li Ming