如何提高英语作文句式表达

发布时间: 2021-04-01 18:33:54 来源: 励志妙语 栏目: 作文 点击: 95

如何写好英语作文中的语句,一、代入法,这是进行英语写作时最常用的方法。同学们在掌握一定的词汇和短语之后,结合一定的语法知识,...

如何提高英语作文句式表达

如何写好英语作文中的语句

  一、代入法
  这是进行英语写作时最常用的方法。同学们在掌握一定的词汇和短语之后,结合一定的语法知识,按照句子的结构特点,直接用英语代人相应的句式即可。如:
  ◎ 他从不承认自己的失败。
  He never admits his failure.
  ◎ 那项比赛吸引了大批观众。
  The match attracted a large crowd.
  ◎ 他把蛋糕分成4块。
  He divided the cake into four pieces.
  二、还原法
  即把疑问句、强调句、倒装句等还原成基本结构。这是避免写错句子的一种有效的办法。如:
  ◎ 这是开往格拉斯哥的火车吗?
  Is this the train for Glasgow?
  还原为陈述句:This is the train for Glasgow.
  ◎ 他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。
  It was because he loved my money that he married me.
  还原为非强调句:Because he loved my money, he married me.
  ◎ 光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
  So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.
  还原为正常语序:Light travels so fast that we can hardly imagine its speed.
  三、分解法
  就是把一个句子分成两个或两个以上的句子。这样既能把意思表达得更明了,又能减少写错句子的几率。如:
  ◎ 我们要干就要干好。
  If we do a thing, we should do it well.
  ◎ 从各地来的学生中有许多是北方人。
  There are students here from all over thecountry. Many of them are from the North.
  四、合并法
  就是把两个或两个以上的简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来。这种方法最能体现学生的英语表达能力,同时也最能提高文章的可读性。如:
  ◎ 我们迷路了,这使我们的野营旅行变成了一次冒险。
  Our camping trip turned into an adventure when we got lost.
  ◎ 天气转晴了,这是我们没有想到的。
  The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we couldexpect.
  ◎ 狼是高度群体化的动物,它们的成功依赖于合作。
  Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon their coopera-tion.
  五、删减法
  就是在写英语句子时,把相应汉语句子里的某些词、短语或重复的成分删掉或省略。如:
  ◎ 这部打字机真是价廉物美。
  This typewriter is very cheap and fine indeed.
  注:汉语表达中的“价”和“物”在英语中均无需译出。
  ◎ 个子不高不是人生中的严重缺陷。
  Not being tall is not a serious disadvantage in life,
  注:汉语说“个子不高”,其实就是“不高”。也就是说,其中的“个子”在英语中无需译出。
  六、移位法
  由于英语和汉语在表达习惯上存在差异,根据表达的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。如:
  ◎ 他发现赚点外快很容易。
  He found it easy to earn extra money.
  注:it在此为形式宾语,真正的宾语是句末的不定式to earn extra money。
  ◎ 告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。
  The man who told me this refused to tell me his name.
  注:who told me this为修饰the man的定语从句,应置于其后。
  ◎ 直到我遇到你以后,我才真正体会到幸福。
  It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.
  注:not…until…为英语中的固定句式,其意为“直到……才……”。
  七、分析法
  指根据要表示的汉语意思,通过进行语法分析和句式判断,然后写出准确地道的英语句子。如:
  ◎ 从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.
  注:分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,由于the matter与sec之间为被动关系,故see要用过去分词scen。
  ◎ 我没有见过他,所以说不出他的模样。
  Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.
  注:如果分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,且与逻辑主语是主动关系,则用现在分词的完成式。
  八、意译法
  有的同学在写句子时,一遇见生词或不熟悉的表达,就以为是“山穷水尽”了。其实,此时我们可以设法绕开难点,在保持原意的基础上,用不同的表达方式写出来。如:
  ◎ 汤姆一直在扰乱别的孩子,我就把他撵了出去。
  Tom was upsetting the otherchildren, so I showed him the door.
  ◎ 有志者事竟成。
  Where there is a will, there is away.
  ◎ 你可以同我们一起去或是呆在家中,悉听尊便。
  You can go with us or stay athome, whichever you choose.
  当然,同学们在写句子时千万不要拿句子去套方法,也不要拿方法去套句子。处处留心皆学问。只要加强知识的积累,一定还会有更多更好的方法。
平时多背名言警句,多积累短语,词汇,对写作文很有帮助

如何提高英语作文水平,作文中常用的谚语有哪些

魏剑峰

英语 话题的优秀回答者
6,789 人赞同了该回答

知乎上曾经有人问“怎样提升一个人的文笔?”,最高票的答案是“阅读、模仿与失恋”。

我深以为然。其实对于英文写作训练也是如此,失恋可遇而不可求,阅读和模仿却是每个人都能做到的。写作能力的提升一定离不开大量的阅读和模仿(写作练习)。在英文听说读写四项基本技能里面,写作是最难掌握和精进的一项。它也是一个人综合英语能力的体现,通常来说,写作水平高的人,其他听说读三项的水平也不会低。

严格来讲,我们所说的写作其实可以分为Creative Writing 和Academic Writing 两种,Creative Writing 会偏文学类一点,应用会相对少一些,而Academic Writing 则几乎是所有英语学习者都必需用到的技能,比如从四六级到托福雅思的考试作文,学术论文,日常邮件,陈述讲稿等,我们接下来要说的也是Academic Writing 这一类型的写作。

对于英文写作提升,我们要解决的有两个主要问题:阅读和模仿。

先说阅读。

一个现实情况是,有不少人虽然学了好几年英语,但学习过的资料大部分是为了应付考试,比如四六级的词汇书、作文书,或者各种习题资料,终归没脱离开考试的范围,除此之外读过的原版书几乎一个手指头都能数得过来了。如果没有足够的素材储备,他们写出来的作文可能会是这样的:

Nowadays,with the rapid development of society, purpose of education being changed.There are some people who think that competition in children should be made .Others believe that children who are taught to cooperate as well as become more useful adults.There are advantages and disadvantages for both of the arguments.

To begin with, what is good if a sense of competition in children is made? They can develop themselves more and more as they learn and study a lot to win from the competition.To prove this, in my country it is popular and common to have a tutor who come to students' house to teach extra pieces of study with paying a lot of money. ...

上面的这两段是我从一篇学生习作中选的,其文风和错误应该都非常典型:生硬套用作文模板,中式英语,语法错误,内容空泛...造成这种问题的一个主要原因就是读英语读得太少了,脑子里几乎没有什么地道的英文储备,写出来的东西也不会高明到那里去。

因此,提高英文写作水平的第一步是:大量阅读,阅读是一个量变引发质变的过程,在你读到一定量的时候,可能会在某一瞬间突然发现虚拟语气原来是这种感觉,动词搭配原来是这么回事...当你提笔写作的时候,你会在脑海里重现类似的例句。新手可以从泛读开始,选择一些生词较少,内容简短且情节精彩的小说,慢慢培养阅读的习惯,有条件的可以去买个kindle, 阅读体验会更好。大量的阅读会带来词汇量的提升,通过阅读积累的词汇理解最为深刻,记忆效果也最好,最容易转化为积极词汇从而应用到写作中去。

在泛读的同时还要注意一点:强化语法。语法有多重要?举个例子,现在分词过去分词及各种从句的灵活运用,主动被动的转换,虚拟语气表达的特殊感情,这些都是写作的基本技巧。语法不好,写作水平也不会高到哪里去,具体表现为通篇语病,只会用简单句型,不会写漂亮的长短句,偶尔憋出个长句还是错的。不会运用高级语法,比如独立主格,虚拟语气等,句式的多样性和表达的灵活性受到很大的影响。因此我们有必要强化一下语法。基本思路是先通读一两本语法书,建立起基本的语法框架,然后通过大量的阅读和听力练习不断巩固完善语法。目前市面上的语法书非常多,但内容其实都大同小异,挑选好一两本认真啃下去就是,推荐《赖世雄语法》 或者剑桥的语法在用系列。

写作进阶:品经济学人,习上乘佳作

在大量阅读,强化语法的基础上,相信你现在写作时已经能够做到少犯或不犯语法错误,写出来的英文还算凑合了,这个时候如果需要进一步提高文笔应该怎么做?可以采用精读经济学人以及使用英英词典和搭配词典的方法。以Academic Writing 为例,一篇漂亮的文章至少要做到以下几点:句式丰富多变,长短句灵活应用,用词准确出彩,论点丰富,论证有力,逻辑严谨。而经济学人就满足这种“漂亮”文章的标准,是非常好的阅读和模仿素材。好的文章是模仿出来的,要学会模仿阅读时遇到的优美的词汇用法、句型结构、巧妙的比喻、幽默的风格等等,慢慢化为自己的熟练表达。

比如很多人习作中出现的一个问题是句式单一,用词平庸。我们可以学习一下经济学人文章的写法,增加语言的张力。举个例子,下面的这一段节选自上周的经济学人文章 The enemy within:

EMPLOYEES are often said to be a company’s biggest resource. It is equally true that they are its biggest liability.Scarcely a week goes by without a company falling victim to employees-turned-enemies-or-embarrassments. On July 20th Ashley Madison, a website for married people looking to have an affair, announced that it had been hacked. Noel Biderman, the company’s chief executive, says that he thinks the attack was “an inside job”. On July 6th HSBC fired a group of employees when it emerged that they had filmed themselves engaged inan “ISIS-style mock beheading” of an Asian colleague dressed in an orange jumpsuit.

The most familiar type of enemy within is the fraudster. The Economist Intelligence Unit, a sister organisation of The Economist, conducts a regular poll of senior executives on the subject of fraud committed by insiders. In 2021 the poll discovered that about 70% of companies had suffered from at least one instance of fraud, up from 61% in the previous survey. Fraud is often petty: a survey of British employees for YouGov in 2021 found that a quarter of staff eligible for expenses admitted to inflating claims. But fraud can also be more audacious and more harmful: think of former employees setting up rivals using stolen technology and purloined client lists.

从上面的文章中我们可以学到什么?

4个写作时可以用上的句式:

1....are often said to...it is equally true that...

2.Scarcely a week/month/year goes by without...

3....when it emerged that...

4.discovered that about 70% ...up from 61%...

10个词汇和短语:

1.liability
2.fall victim to
3.have an affair
4.behead
5.fraudster
6.eligible for
7.inflate (to make a number or price higher than it should be)
8.audacious
9.set up
10.purloin

这仅仅是两小段而已,整篇文章能学到的东西更多。你可以有意识地将上面学到的单词和句式应用到你的写作中去,比如第一个句型"...are often said to...it is equally true that..."可以用来说明事物具有两面性,这个句式不知道比那句蹩脚的 "there are advantages and disadvantages..." 要高到哪里去了。

送个福利给大家吧,我用kindle看经济学人的过程中碰到好的句型以及值得注意的词汇短语会把它们都做上标记,到目前为止已经积累了1000多条笔记了。我打算把它们共享出来。这1000多条笔记里既有像 "That so many people in so many different parts of the world are prepared to risk so much for this idea is testimony to its enduring appeal." 这样读起来铿锵有力的长句,也有像"Their likes and dislikes make or break products." 这样短小精悍,用词惊艳的短句。没事把这些句子读一读,学习其中的好词好句,并将它们运用到写作中去,相信你会有很大的收获。(笔记下载链接在文末)

写作中容易出现的另外一个问题是:文章空洞无物,整篇文章翻来覆去都是在表达同一个意思,而且论证不够有力,缺乏逻辑性,这样的文章即使辞藻再华丽也是没有灵魂的。怎样让文章有内容有灵魂?看看经济学人是怎么做的:

经济学人的文章除了出色的语言表达技巧之外,最大的亮点其实它能够提出一套解决方案。怎么理解?举个例子,比如美国发生了严重的枪击案,其他的报刊一般这样报道:美国又发生枪击案了,这次又造成了多少伤亡,凶手是什么什么背景,末了可能还会吐槽下枪支制度不合理,发几张照片煽煽情。

如果换做是经济学人的话,它除了报道基本新闻事实之外还会提出一个解决方案:大家别忙着悲伤了,冷静一下,既然现在已经发生枪击案了,为了防止悲剧再次发生,我们需要 a.修改枪支管理法律 b.个人要加强枪支安全意识 c.回收部分管制枪支 d...... 有理有据地跟你摆事实,讲道理。而我们要学习的就是经济学人对新闻事件的解读分析思路,关注从新闻推断事物的逻辑过程,从而提高在写作时发散论点的能力以及论证的力度。

The weaker sex 这篇文章就很好地体现了从发现问题到提出解决方案的过程。文章的背景是富裕国家男孩的表现正在落后于女孩。我们来看看经济学人是怎样分析问题提出解决方案的:

1. What can be done? Part of the solution lies in a change in cultural attitudes. 解决方案1

2. Policymakers also need to lend a hand, because foolish laws are making the problem worse. 解决方案2

3. Even more important than scrapping foolish policies is retooling the educational system, which was designed in an age when most men worked with their muscles. 解决方案3

4. More generally, schools need to become more boy-friendly. 解决方案4

四个段落总起句提出了四种解决方案,并在每一段详细展开,论点发散充分,论证过程也非常有力度,整个解决问题的思路非常清晰。写作的时候多体会这种发现问题-解决问题的思路,像经济学人一样去论证你的观点。
1.Failure is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母
2.Drops of water outwear the stone.
水滴石穿
3.Where there is a will, there is a way /Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
有志者事竟成
4.Genius only means hard-working all one’s life.
天才只意味着终身不懈的努力
5.No pain, no gain.
不劳不获
6.Diligence is the mother of success.
勤奋是成功之母
7.If a thing is worth doing, it’s worth doing well.
凡值得做的事情都值得做好
8.atient men win the day.
有耐心的人最终将会成功
9.A road of a thousand miles begins with one step.
千里之行始于足下
10.He who risks nothing, gains nothing.
不入虎穴,焉得虎子
11.If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun.
吃得苦中苦,方为人上人
12.No sweet without sweat.
苦尽才能甘来
13.Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away.
水滴石穿
提高英语作文水平建议

1.背课文和参考例文.每次考试后老师因该会把考试作文的范文抄出来,自己抄下来,能背下来最好,不行也要熟读.课文就不用说了,每篇至少要读5遍.

2.背单词.我这里说的单词不仅仅是指课本上的单词,要尽量加大自己的词汇量,所选单词的最好出处是平时所做的阅读和完形,每天背上几个自己感觉高级德词汇.有时,同一个意思,词用的好可以添不少彩(例如说大可以用big,large,huge,但很明显用后两个效果要好于第一个)

3.记住典型文章的格式.目前高考的英语作文以应用文为主,记住应用文的一些基本格式是保证分数的关键(例如写书信开头就可以来上一句I'm writing to tell you something about....).

4.记住一些经典句子.在英语作文里如果能用上一些英语谚语,那是非常处彩的(例如说一个有两面性的事情可以说:But as everyone knows,every coin has two sides.)d

5.语言要地道.英语作文的一大忌就是使用Chinglish,也就是中国式英语,有些意思如果表达不出来就换个说法,语言是活的,使用简单平庸的句子总好过错误德、滑稽德句子。
作文是个长期的工程,不是一朝一夕就能见成果的,一定要坚持下去。

以“如何提高英语写作水平”写一篇英语作文

要提高英语写作能力,首先应打好基础,注重语言技巧方面的训练。可从以下几方面入手:  一、扩大词汇量,背诵常用句型和地道表达  没有一定的词汇量,再好的思想也无法表达出来。而词汇的掌握不仅仅局限于量的多少,更重要的是词汇的用法,如所用语境、词组的搭配、衍生词以及同义词的辨析等。建议背诵词汇时要将其放在句子或文章中记忆,至少应背诵词组。这样既可保证所用词汇的准确性,又可帮助学习者在写作时更习惯选用词组来表达,增强文章的表现力。同时,背诵相应的同义词可以保证在表达同一思想时有不同的词汇可供选择,从而避免词汇的重复使用。同样,对于英语中的常用句型和习惯表达,我们平时更要注意积累。这些表达会使文章增添色彩,也更符合英美人士的表达习惯。我们平时还要注意积累一些常用表达方式和替代表达方式,这样文章就不会显得过于平庸。如:  用individuals替换people, persons。  用positive, promising, perfect, excellent替换good。  用There is a widespread belief/no denying that替换It is believed that。  用for my part, from my own perspective替换in my opinion。  用increasing(ly), growing替换more and more。  用beneficial, rewarding替换helpful。  用sth. appeals to sb., sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb.替换sb. take interest in/sb. be interested in。  用There are several reasons behind sth.替换There are several reasons for sth.。  用bear in mind that替换remember。  用purchase替换buy。  二、合理借鉴一些有代表性的英语范文  有些人鼓励英语学习者背诵一些优秀范文,以达到提高写作水平的目的。但笔者实践下来,感到这种方法费时又费力,且效果并不十分明显。如果背诵量不多,是起不到效果的。要想英语能力整体提高,至少要背诵数十篇甚至上百篇优秀范文,这本身就很花时间,更不必说真正在写作时能用到的有多少了。真正写作时,要把别人的表达融入自己的表达,是比较困难的事情,很可能一不小心弄巧成拙。因此,笔者建议英语学习者寻找一些优秀的、原汁原味的英语文章来训练。在训练时,首先看文章标题,然后设想自己拿到这个题目后该如何组织文章,从什么角度去表达,然后列出提纲,并展开全文。文章完成后,就可以和原文进行对比,主要可以从逻辑关系、论证手法、论据选择等方面进行比较。通过这种比较,学习者就能够发现自己的文章哪些方面需要改进。细细比较,就会学到很多东西。平时多进行这样的训练,不断积累,就可以在无形中把原汁原味的语言“带”进自己的作文中。因此,这样的方法对于提高写作水平很有效。  三、适当背诵写作模板  至于是否背诵写作模板的问题,一向很有争议。笔者认为,对英语基础薄弱的人而言,有必要背诵写作模板,以保证在比较紧张的情况下能完成写作任务。而且,并不是按模板写成的作文就一定会得低分,有时候考试中的满分作文也是模板样式的,关键是作者在写作时如何去处理。因此,在平时的积累中,不要刻意地去回避模板。积累到一定水平之后,自然就会找出更多谋篇布局的方式和方法。  四、积累一些谚语  同学们若能在自己的作文中,恰到好处地使用一两句谚语,会为作文增色不少。如:  Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。  A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。  One is never too old to learn.学无止境。  Creep before you walk.循序渐进。  Do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。  Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。  Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。  A fall into a pit , a gain in your wit.吃一堑,长一智。  Good health is over wealth.健康是最大的财富。  Every bean has its black.金无足赤,人无完人。  Content is better than riches.知足者常乐。  Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。  A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。  Success belongs to the persevering.坚持就是胜利。  注重布局谋篇 突破写作技巧  英语写作一般包括一个开头段、一至两个扩展段和一个结尾段。开头段和结尾段一般比较短,分别着重于表达主题和提升主题。作为对开头段中主题句的论证,解释和说明的扩展段是文章的主体。扩展段的主要特点是围绕段落主题句展开,并对主题开展进一步的分析和说明,只有写好了扩展段才能使文章言之有理,具有说服力。  一、开头段  开头段一定要语言精练,提出观点或论点,表明写作意图,并且直接切入主题。写开头段有多种表达方法。以下文章开头可供借鉴:  1.Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern.  e.g.Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.  2.One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...  e.g.One of the universal issues that draw (cause) growing concern is whether it is wise of man to have invented the automobile.  3.As we can see from the table/graph/figure above, drastic/considerable/ great changes have taken place in...over the period of time from...(年份) to...(年份)  4.The current situation of... if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that...  e.g.The current situation of our reforms is political structure, if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that much of the achievement is far from satisfactory. For example...But...  二、扩展段  扩展段是文章的主体,其中每段都应该有自己的主题句,同时这些主题句又是文章中心思想的扩展句,其作用是从不同的层面对文章主题进行具体和翔实的解释和论证。扩展段可以采用很多方法展开,这里简要介绍五种常用的方法:列举法、叙述法、因果法、对比法、例证法。  1.列举法  列举法就是通过列举一系列的论据对开头段中提出的论点广泛、全面地陈述或解释。常用句型:  (1)The significance of(doing) sth. is embodied/reflected in the following respects.  (2)One of the reasons given for...is that... What is also worth noticing is that...  (3)There are numerous reasons why..., and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.  2.叙述法  用叙述法写成的扩展句主要是按照事情本身发生的时间或者空间的顺序排列,通过使用一些特有的过渡连接词,有层次、分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作技巧。常用句型:  (1)As far as a witness is concerned, the accident in question happened mysteriously. First...then, at last...  (2)I was once caught/stuck in the same situation/context, but I managed to lift myself out of it.  3.因果法  因果法用来说明原因,论述事理。常用句型:  (1)It is obvious, therefore, that all-out/constant efforts should be exerted/directed to...  e.g.It is evident, therefore, that constant efforts should be directed to the ecological balance.  (2)Therefore, to...is not a(n) goal/aim to achieve in one step/move/go, and it requires special efforts/measures.  e.g.Therefore, to eradicate this inherent weakness from our society is not a goal to reach in one move, and it requires special efforts.  4.对比法  对比法是将同类的事物进行比较分析,从而更清楚地阐述比较对象之间的不同。常用句型:  (1)From the above comparison and contrast, anyone can safely/reasonably conclude that...  (2)As things stand, in fact/substance, nothing can be compared with B in ...although...  e.g.As things stand, in fact, nothing can be compared with the crackdown of corrupt officials in arousing the enthusiasm of the masses, although it is not without defects.  5.例证法  例证法通过举出具体的事例来阐述、说明主题句的内容。常用句型:  (1)A good case in point is (can be best provided by) that of...  e.g.A good case in point is that of a businessman who makes money by fairmeans or foul.  (2)In the course of... for example, there is/are...  e.g.In the course of coping with worries in life, for example, there is an art to what way you take.  三、结尾段  结尾段要起到画龙点睛、深化主题的作用。结尾段可以总结归纳文章要点、重申主题,也可以提出建议、展望未来。常用结构:  1.In short/brief/one word/sum, once we are on the way to..., the chance of achieving/making it will increase/grow greater/come to our advantage.  e.g.In short, once our country is on the way to clearing corrupt dealings out of the Party, the chance of making it will come to the people’s advantage.  2.With a constant/steady improvement in ...(或With the gradual worsening of...) sth. will...  e.g.With a steady improvement in its administration, the new-born thing will flourish on Chinese soil.  在文章结构和内容方面合理安排之后,文章的语言形式上也需要写作者精雕细琢,有效使用各种表达方式,使文章句式灵活多变,避免单调。在句式的变化中,可将长短句结合使用,灵活使用简单句、并列句与复合句。一些较复杂的结构如独立主格、分词结构等也可使用。每句话的开头不一定都是以“人”开头,可以考虑用其他主语。同时,在适当的时候,可以考虑用一定的修辞方法,使文章更有表现力。如:  The old lady was on her first flight, so that she felt very uneasy.(原句)→Extreme uneasiness seized the old lady on her first flight.(改写句)  The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab.(原句)→The landscape, bare and brown, begged for spring green.(改写句)  Chinese people experienced great changes in 1949.(原句)→The year 1949 saw great changes in China.(改写句)  Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter.(现在分语短语+简单句)
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英语作文怎么提高啊

你看每次考试作文题目都变,怎么写啊?好不容易背下了一篇文章,但又和题目没关,唉!!谁能教教我?
平时多积累词汇,多读一些文章,不一定要背,但要有印象。(首先要把课本读透)。我英语不错,希望采纳
多写,多练,多看.注意词汇积累.
英语的书面表达一直以来就是英语学习的瓶颈。在此,笔者向各位学习者提供突破英语写作的十字建议,即研习、背诵、默写、互译、模仿,概括出培养写作能力的五个方面,如能严格遵循,定能柳暗花明。

研 习

“没有规矩,不成方圆。”对于一般英语学习者而言,写出优秀的文章有赖于后天习得,但并不意味着机械背诵、生吞活剥,或者照搬照抄、人云亦云。所谓研习,需要有独立思考和个人的判断,本着“他山之石,可以攻玉”的精神,汲取文章的精华部分加以研究。研习主要侧重两个方面,包括文章章法和语言表达。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局谋篇、结构安排、逻辑顺序。许多学习者面对一个话题,可能存在两种不同的困惑,一是下笔千言,但离题万里;二是思绪万千,却无从落笔。导致两种困惑的根源皆在于欠缺思考问题、组织思路的恰当方式,以至于文章不得要领、章法紊乱。这就要求我们从全篇脉络角度多研习范文,之后领悟如何以演绎法行文、怎样用归纳法谋篇以及如何围绕特定话题拓展思路等等。此外,研习还要侧重于语言表达,包括遣词造句和句子、段落之间的各种衔接手段,以期在自己日后的写作中派上用场,因为英文写作皆通一理。只有善于借鉴,勤加研究,才会借他人的优势和长处,提高自己的写作水平。

背 诵

背诵是提高写作的又一有效途径。要学好写作,首先要处理好语言输入与输出之间的关系。前者是后者的前提条件。如果头脑空空如也,就根本谈不上写出像模像样的文章。只有读过大量东西,并且有意识地将其中精彩部分储存于记忆之中(commit the highlights to memory),才能保证下笔流畅、文通字顺。因此,背诵对于写作极为重要。但背诵不是机械记忆,而是有选择性的背诵,是有意义的记忆。因为机械背诵的结果要么是记忆很快就荡然无存、了无痕迹,要么是无法活学活用、付诸实践。背诵包括五个方面:重点词汇、常用套语、精彩句子、优秀段落、经典篇章。

重点词汇

美妙的用词及搭配皆在此列,像fall victim(受害),stand a fair chance(大有希望)这种地道的动宾搭配要勤加记忆。为了积累写作词汇,应将文中同属一个话题的用词汇总归纳,组成主题词族(topic family)。归类记忆可以使自己日后即写即用,得心应手。下文是一篇阐释爱心的优秀文章,多处用词精巧,现将文中关于爱心这一主题的词汇总结如下:

emotional strength 情感的力量

the noblest of human emotions人类最高尚的情感

no thought of gain不计得失

the lamp of love爱心之灯

help the victims of natural disasters支援自然灾害受害者

donate whatever they can倾囊相助

help their needy fellow citizens 帮助有需要的同胞

be ready to give a helping hand 随时准备伸出援手

When we use the word "love", we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word. Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes. In fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest of human emotions.

As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can ― be it money or goods ― to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves.

In my opinion, the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are. We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers. In this way, we can help to make the world a better place, for the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines.

当我们用“爱”这个词时,我们不仅仅指异性对一个人的吸引,这只是对这个词非常狭隘的解释。爱心是一种情感的力量,不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗,爱心都能支撑我们。事实上,纵观历史,不同文化背景的人都把爱看成是人类最高尚的情感。

说到爱心的力量,我们马上就会想起每年中国各族人民是如何响应号召支援自然灾害受害者的。尽管按照国际标准他们的收入还处于低水平,全国人民毫不犹豫地倾囊相助――不管是钱还是物――帮助那些有需要的同胞。而且,他们这么做并不考虑自己的得失。

我认为,表达爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。我们应该随时准备向有困难的人伸出援助之手,无论他们是家庭成员还是素昧平生。这样,我们就能够助一臂之力把世界变成一个更美好的地方,因为,悲伤的阴影越黑暗,爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。

常用套语

套语指流行的公式化语言,在写作中适当使用颇有必要。如在商业信函结尾,期望对方早日回复的表达方式就要遵循套语的基本模式,使表达规范得体。下面试举几个例子:

Kindly favor us with an early reply. 请早日赐复。

Your prompt reply will be highly appreciated. 如能及时回复,将不胜感谢。

We look forward to hearing from you soon. 早日回复。

We are expecting your prompt reply. 急盼回复。

Please have the kindness to answer this letter quickly. 请早日回信。

Kindly let us have your reply at your earliest convenience. 请在您方便时尽早赐函。

We would appreciate it if you could respond right away. 如能即刻回复,将不胜感谢。

当前流行应试写作模板,即套语的使用贯穿文章始终,为考生提供万能公式型的文章主架,每句表达皆由固定套语框定,考生只要背下套用句型、过渡词语,在考试中根据特定考题填充具体内容。这种应试策略使写出的文章矫揉造作,生硬刻板,虽可以让考生及格过关,但绝对得不到高分。套语的过多使用不妨可以比作大海中的救生圈,有了它,仅仅可以让不擅游泳者保全性命,却无法自在畅游,一展泳姿。一般而言,套语较为空洞,如使用过多,文章容易流于空泛,言之无物。写作宜虚实结合,形式与内容相统一。下例是一篇比较在家学习与入校读书谁优谁劣的范文,文中巧妙地使用了一些固定句式和过渡词语,不仅增强了表达效果,而且实现了形式与内容的统一。

There are two major arguments that can be made for studying at home. First, as advances in the electronic media have brought the whole world of scholarship into the home via the Internet and educational courses on TV, the classroom is no longer the only place for acquiring knowledge. Second, it is widely held that a person studies better in the familiar surroundings of his own home and when he can arrange his own study time.

But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are advantages to studying in the classroom, too. Being surrounded by people of roughly the same abilities and interests can be a great stimulus to acquiring knowledge, whereas studying in solitude at home is boring for many people. More importantly, there can be no substitute for a good teacher, who must not only be able to impart facts and theories, but also to appraise and encourage his students.

Given the choice between these two methods of learning, I prefer the classroom. This is because I am the sort of person who finds it difficult to concentrate on study in the midst of household chores, and disturbances from visitors and telephone calls. The classroom environment, I feel, is the only one in which most people feel comfortable applying all their energies to the all-important task of acquiring knowledge.

关于在家学习,我们可以提出两个主要论点。第一,由于电子媒体方面取得的进步把整个世界的知识通过互联网和电视上的教育课程带入了家庭,教室不再是惟一获取知识的场所。第二,人们普遍认为,在自己家里这样熟悉的环境中,并且能自己安排学习时间,一个人能学得更好。

但是,我们不能忽视在教室里学习也有好处这一事实。周围都是能力相近和兴趣相投的人可能会对获取知识形成巨大的刺激,而对很多人来说孤独一人在家学习会有些枯燥乏味。更重要的是,没有什么可以替代一个好老师,他不仅能够传道授业,而且能够评估并鼓励学生。

如果在两种学习方法中选择,我更喜欢在教室里学习,因为我是那种很难在家务琐事、客人、电话的打扰下集中注意力学习的人。我认为大多数人只有在教室里才能把全部精力放在获取知识这件十分重要的工作上。

精彩句子

精彩句子指文章中句式优美、蕴含哲理的句子。精彩句子的背诵有助于写作时的引用和模仿。如在阅读美国前总统约翰?肯尼迪(John F. Kennedy)的就职演说(Inaugural Address)时,可以记住诸如“Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. ”(不要问国家能为你做什么,而要问你能为国家做什么。)这样的传世佳句,当你写关于爱国(patriotism)主题的作文时,则可以适时引用。现仍以上面谈“爱心”的文章为例,其中值得背诵的句子为数不少。摘录如下:

①Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes.

爱心是情感的力量,不论我们周围的世界多么黑暗,爱心都能支撑我们。

②People all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can ― be it money or goods ― to help their needy fellow citizens.

全国人民毫不犹豫地倾囊相助――不管是钱还是物――帮助那些有需要的同胞。

③The best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are.

表达爱心的最好方式是帮助比我们更加不幸的人。

④The darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines.

悲伤的阴影越黑暗,爱心之灯的光芒就越闪亮。

优秀段落

阅读时,我们经常会碰到一些过目难忘的段落。这些段落或者表达流畅、文笔优美,或者逻辑缜密、结构严谨。根据表达需要,有不同的功能段落,如现象说明段、观点陈述段、原因列举段、利弊解释段、结论归纳段、趋势预测段、措施建议段等。有些优秀段落可以作为写作的功能段落加以背诵,对于我们拓展思路、规范行文大有裨益。在背诵过程中,熟练掌握各种功能段落的行文规则,自己在表达时就能驾轻就熟。下面仅举观点陈述段和措施建议段各一例。

观点陈述段(陈述“民族文化应该成为世界文化”的观点)

A culture of one nation may become international, which is beneficial for all mankind. Since China has opened its doors widely to the outside world, many people from different countries want to visit China. They will come to accept and love Chinese culture as a whole. In addition, Chinese culture should be shared generously with foreign people, who show great interest in it. Meanwhile, as more and more foreigners come to China, they bring aspects of their own culture to share with the Chinese people. In this way, people from various nations in the world will be able to acquire a better understanding of each other and live peacefully together.

一个国家的文化可能成为世界文化,这对全人类都有益。由于中国已经向外界敞开了国门,许多来自不同国家的人都希望来看一看中国。他们会开始接受并喜欢整个中国文化,中国文化应该大大方方地让感兴趣的外国人分享。与此同时,随着来中国的外国人越来越多,他们也把他们自己的文化带给了中国人。这样,世界各国的人们就能够更好地相互理解、和平相处。

措施建议段(建议“人口老龄化”的解决措施)

The rapidity of the population''s aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures. No doubt, the key is to build a solid economic foundation. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service. What''s more, family care and community services should also be encouraged.

人口老龄化的加速使采取应对措施变得更为紧迫。毫无疑问,解决问题的关键是建立稳固的经济基础。与此同时,应该重视整体的社会进步,改变社会保障、福利和服务的落后局面。除此之外,应该鼓励家庭照料和社区服务。

经典篇章

古往今来,英语宝库中涌现出大批经典佳作,如林肯的《葛底斯堡演说》(The Gettysburg Address),福克纳的诺贝尔奖演说(Banquet Speech),海伦?凯勒的《给我三天光明》(Three Days to See)。这些文章在文字的运用上技法高超,在思想内涵上寓意深刻,读来字字珠玑,文字优美,启迪心智,含义隽永(full of exquisite words and truth, satisfying the mind, appealing to the heart)。这样的文章如不能熟读成诵,则无法融会贯通。背诵一定数量的经典名篇既有助于提高自己遣词造句的能力,也有助于加强自己表达思想的深度。下面的一篇短文是英国哲学家罗素(Bertrand Russell)自传的序言部分,题为What I Have Lived For(我的人生追求),概述了作者一生追求的三种理想,文章在语言和思想两个方面都堪称经典,值得背诵。

What I Have Lived For

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.

I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy ― ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness ― that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what ― at last ― I have found.

With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.

Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people ― a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I can''t, and I too suffer.

This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.

我的人生追求

有三种简单然而无比强烈的激情左右了我的一生:对爱的渴望,对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难以忍受的怜悯。这些激情像飓风,无处不在、反复无常地吹拂着我,吹过深重的苦海,濒于绝境。

我寻找爱,首先是因为它使人心醉神迷,这种陶醉是如此的美妙,使我愿意牺牲所有的余生去换取几个小时这样的欣喜。我寻找爱,还因为它解除孤独,在可怕的孤独中,一颗颤抖的灵魂从世界的边缘看到冰冷、无底、死寂的深渊。最后,我寻找爱,还因为在爱的交融中,神秘而又具体而微地,我看到了圣贤和诗人们想象出的天堂的前景。这就是我所寻找的,而且,虽然对人生来说似乎过于美妙,这也是我终于找到了的。

以同样的激情我探索知识。我希望能够理解人类的心灵。我希望能够知道群星为何闪烁。我试图领悟毕达哥拉斯所景仰的数字力量,它支配着此消彼涨。仅在不大的一定程度上,我达到了此目的。

爱和知识,只要有可能,通向着天堂。但是怜悯总把我带回尘世。痛苦呼喊的回声回荡在我的内心。忍饥挨饿的孩子,惨遭压迫者摧残的受害者,被儿女们视为可憎负担的无助的老人,连同这整个充满了孤独、贫穷和痛苦的世界,使人类所应有的生活成为了笑柄。我渴望能够减少邪恶,但是我无能为力,而且我自己也在忍受折磨。

这就是我的一生。我发现它值得一过。如果再给我一次机会,我会很高兴地再活它一次。(方舟子译)

默 写

默写也是提高写作的一个重要环节,即把背熟的东西付诸纸端。这个过程不仅是为了检验自己的记忆效果,更为重要的是训练正确的书面表达能力。在英语学习中,我们少有机会动笔写英文,长期以来,手笔生疏,导致提笔即错。再者,由于受汉语思维和习惯的种种影响,在潜意识里容易犯一些英语表达错误。普遍存在的语言错误包括主谓一致、时态处理、冠词用法、名词单复数形式、单词拼写等,尤其在单词拼写方面,很多人混淆词性,把society, economy, difficulty写成social, economic, difficult;再如字母位置错误,将true, tired, modern写作ture, tried, morden;诸如此类。这些看似微妙的错误如果不加以有意识的克服,可能会发展为根深蒂固的习惯,成为写作中的重大弊病。通过默写,写出曾经记诵过的段落字句,之后自我查验、批改,发现并纠正在动笔中的错误,可以有效克服自己潜意识中的英文错误,提高实际写作时的熟练和准确程度。

互 译

能够在英汉两种语言之间自如转换是英语学习的一个至高境界。尝试英汉互译,即把英语文章翻译成地道汉语,间隔数日再将汉语翻译回英文。英文和汉语在表情达意方面存在着诸多差异,可惜学习者往往观察不足,领悟不深。通过互译训练,比较异同,可以强化我们对两种语言之间差异的认知,可以加强英语表达能力。在复原成英文的过程中,词汇表达、句式结构、段落组织、篇章布局等各个方面、多个角度都得到复习。同时,可以有效避免中国式英语在作文中的出现。中式英语在书面表达中屡见不鲜,根源在于学习者受到汉语表达和中式思维的制囿。英汉互译有助于冲破两种语言习惯的壁垒,有助于超越两种语言思维的障碍,有助于思维与表达取得和谐的统一,有助于将中文的思想地道流畅地传达为英语语言。互译的实质在于巧妙地借翻译手段促进英语的创作性表达。

模 仿

在自己写文章时,应有意识地调用以前的积累,正向迁移,融入自己的写作,包括语言表达、文章章法、写作技巧等,最终达到学以致用的目的。如果记忆中有像 “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. ”(不是我爱凯撒浅,而是我爱罗马深。)这样的经典名句,当写作有关英语学习的文章时不妨模仿这个句式: Not that we can''t master English, but that we have not been willing to take pains. (不是我们不能掌握英语,而是我们不愿付出努力。) 正如学好书法常要描红,学好绘画常须描摹,写好文章则需要模仿。Beauty imitated is beauty recreated. (模仿美就是创造美。) 赋予经典的表达以新的内涵,这也是一种创新。模仿他人目的在于提高自己。模仿与借鉴为写作所必须。总之,Good writing favors the prepared mind. (好的写作总是照顾那些有准备的人。)

英语写作能力的真正提高有赖于上述概括为十字的五大策略,望朋友们勤之勉之,将其融入自己的学习实践,打下坚实的语言基础,真正实现从阅读到写作的飞跃,达到英语读写能力的完美统一。逐步积累,有所准备,需要之时就可以手到擒来,应对自如,使英文写作成为自身的一项技能。
加油!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

如何能够提高英语作文水平?(大作文)我感觉平时背的单词不少,但是句式用不出来。。

我给你个建议 选择一些高级又百搭的短语或句式 十多个就行了 固定背下来 考试的时候固定用这些短语
把英语课本中的文章多读几遍培养语感,在平时做阅读理解时积累一些课本中没有的词汇。
写英语作文重要的几点
1多用从句、长句
2表达相同的一个意思,尽量不重复 比如表达转折关系 千万别只用but 或者however或者其他的一个词来代替
提几点不成熟的建议:1.平时积累好句(包括谚语、格言等);2.注意应用学过的短语、句型;3.恰当运用关联词;4.合理分段。
多看语法,句型的书,很有帮助!!!
本文标题: 如何提高英语作文句式表达
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    考研作文听王江涛、石雷鹏还是谭剑波考虫石雷鹏老师的考研作文课算是模板吗
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